# REHAB SOLUTIONS — full text Every page below is reproduced from this site. Last built 2026-11-04 02:53 UTC. ## Home https://rehabsolutionspt.com/ Updated: 2026-09-29 NO REFERRAL RequiredNO REFERRAL RequiredNO REFERRAL Required WELCOME TO REHAB SOLUTIONS PERSONALIZED PHYSICAL THERAPY FOR PAIN RELIEF multi clinic network through East AL and GA. Book Appointment A Family-Friendly Group Most Insurances Accepted Consistent & Individualized Care About Us Is This Your First Experience with Physical Therapy? Pain can make you anxious, uncomfortable, and you might be uncertain about how we can help. The good news is that we’ve successfully treated thousands of patients with: Back / Hip Pain & Sciatica Knee & Hip Injuries Muscle Strains Joint Pain & Arthritis Chronic Pain Foot & Ankle Diagnoses Ligament Sprains See All Conditions Get An Appointment Executive Team Services Our Services Rehab Solutions is your premier full service physical therapy private practice. Our staff is trained to efficiently rehabilitate a variety of conditions. Here is a brief listing of what we specialize in: Lower Back Pain Rehab Muscle Strains Manual Therapy Foot and Ankle Rehab Shoulder Rehab Neck Pain Rehab View All Services Why Choose Us Experience What Truly Personalized Care Is Like. We Are Available to See You for Your First VisitWithin 24-48 Hours Experience Pain Relief During Your First Visit We’ll Listen to You & Provide a Personalized Treatment Plan Seeing a Physical Therapist can decrease healthcare costs Enjoy Life Again Doing the Things You Love Patient Success Stories My husband had a total hip replacement. Rehab solutions have been a blessing in returning him to his old self again. M. ROSE This is the best, most caring, fun loving group I have ever encountered!! K. SMITH Rehab solutions has a very friendly staff with excellent therapists. T. GOFF They are professional and highly skilled therapists. R. PIERCE Excellent place with very friendly staff. A. SMITH Read More Reviews Add Your Google Review ## About Us https://rehabsolutionspt.com/about-us/ Updated: 2026-09-29 About Us Our Mission At Rehab Solutions, we strive to provide purpose-driven, evidence-based and individualized care to our community all while educating and empowering patients to maximize wellness and health Our Vision Our vision is to offer the height of quality therapy services, both private and insurance-based. We stand on our promise to be purpose-driven, striving to provide the best care we can deliver for the benefits of health and wellness. It is our “can do” attitude, quality and unique services that help develop the inner athlete in all who walk through our doors. We believed in a Christian-based environment that is healthy, wholesome, and welcoming to all. Our Vision Our vision is to offer the height of quality therapy services, both private and insurance-based. We stand on our promise to be purpose-driven, striving to provide the best care we can deliver for the benefits of health and wellness. It is our “can do” attitude, quality and unique services that help develop the inner athlete in all who walk through our doors. We believed in a Christian-based environment that is healthy, wholesome, and welcoming to all.   Faith Compassion Family Integrity Servant Leadership Faith Compassion Family Integrity Servant Leadership Our Executive Leadership Team Chip Ransom Chief Executive Officer Justin Crain Chief Operations Officer Clint Mann Regional Director Jared Blair Regional Director Daniel Voight Regional Director Jeremy Houser VP of Growth & Development Jennifer Hayes VP of Finance Amy Jackson Director of HR & Operations ## Arthritis Program https://rehabsolutionspt.com/arthritis-program/ Updated: 2026-09-29 ARTHRITIS PROGRAMS Physical therapists (PTs) are experts in the art and science of the evaluation and treatment of human movement dysfunctions. We care for people of all ages and treat a variety of muscle, joint and neurological conditions. Conditions we have successfully treated: Joint Pain Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid Arthritis Knee Arthritis Hip Arthritis Shoulder Arthritis Hand Arthritis What are my treatment options? Drugs Epidural Injections Surgery Physical Therapy* Advantages of Physical Therapy: No side effects. Cost-effective. Supported by clinical research*. Customized to treat the underlying cause. Your Recovery Process: Recovery of Joint Motion Recovery of Strength Pain Relief Improved Function Independent Care Components of Your Care: A thorough biomechanical evaluation. Extensive patient education. A customized treatment plan. Effective joint mobilization techniques to decrease joint stiffness. Pain-relieving modalities such as ice, heat, ultrasound or electrical stimulation. Targeted stretching for tight muscles. Progressive strength training. Balance and functional re-education. Everyone is different. You may require one or two visits, or an extended care plan over several weeks or months. If you’re ready for relief, and tired of “masking” your pain, treat the cause, not just the symptoms! * Physical therapy techniques are recommended for arthritis of the knee, hip, shoulder, and hand. Physical Therapy 2005 85: 907-971; Physical Therapy 2004 84: 934-972. ## Back https://rehabsolutionspt.com/back/ Updated: 2026-09-29 Back Articles Understanding Low Back Pain Overview Treatment Goals Resources Understanding Low Back Pain It is estimated that 80% of the human race experiences low back pain at least once throughout their lifetime. Fifty percent of the working population admit to experiencing low back pain each year. Each year 15-20% of the people in the United States have complaints of low back pain. Two percent of the U.S. population is either temporarily or chronically disabled by low back pain. Millions of workers suffer on the job injuries annually which costs 100 billion dollars in lost wages, time, and productivity and medical costs. It is important to understand that there is an outstanding chance that you will recover from your low back pain in the near future. Research studies have shown that 74 % of those that suffer from back pain return to work within 4 weeks and > 90 % in 3 months or less. Some health care providers feel low back pain is like catching a cold – you experience it and in time it goes away. To sum it up, there is a good chance you will have low back pain, there is a good chance that you will recover but there is also a good chance that you will experience the pain again. Medical research suggests that an active exercise program will reduce disability and may prevent future episodes of pain. Anatomy of the Low Back The low back or lumbar spine is an extraordinary engineering marvel. It is composed of bones, discs, joints, tendons, muscles, ligaments and nerves. The spine has 3 main functions. 1.) It connects the pelvis to the trunk and head. 2.) It protects and houses the spinal cord which is made up of billions of nerves that connect the brain to most of the body’s major organs. 3.) The spine provides stability, balance, flexibility, and mobility in order for us to perform our daily activities. It allows you to swing a golf club and at the same time withstands and transfers tremendous forces. For example, let’s assume you weigh 150 pounds, and you bend over about 65 degrees. Your back muscles generate 375 pounds of force to keep you from falling over and if you carry a 50 pound object at the same time, your muscles generate about 700 pounds of force. Closer inspection reveals five vertebrae (bones) stacked on top of each other with a fluid – filled disc in between each vertebrae. The lumbar spine is like a hollow, C-shaped curve (called the lumbar lordosis) which is arranged to balance tremendous forces. The curve or lumbar lordosis allows the spine to be 15 times stronger than if it were straight. Within the “hollow” of the spine is the spinal cord. The spinal cord is made up of nerves that, very simply put, wire your brain to your muscles and tell them when to contract. These nerves also are responsible for the sensation of touch and pain among other things. They exit out of holes called intervertebral (meaning in between the vertebrae) foramen and are called nerve roots. The vertebral bodies bear most of the weight and have cartilage end plates which attach to the discs. Spinous processes emerge from the back of a vertebrae and two other bones point to the sides and are called transverse processes. These processes serve as attachments for muscles and ligaments. Between each vertebral body is a fluid filled disc similar to a jelly donut. The outer fibrous portion is called the annulus fibrosus and the inner jelly is called the nucleus pulposus. Healthy discs provide necessary height to the spine, absorb shock, and distribute forces in all directions.   Ligaments are tough non-elastic (they stretch very little) structures that attach a bone or bones together. There are many ligaments associated with the lumbar spine. The anterior longitudinal ligament holds the front of the vertebral bodies together. The posterior longitudinal ligament holds the back of the vertebral bodies together. The interspinous and intertransverse ligaments pass in between the spinous processes and transverse processes respectively. The ligamentum flavum holds the rear portion of the vertebra together and helps to protect the spinal cord. The thoracolumbar fascia is a large piece of ligamentous tissue that helps hold all of the lumbar vertebra together and works with muscles to stabilize the spine. There are over 140 muscles that work together to move and stabilize the spine. Many of these muscles are located around the lumbar spine. There are the abdominal muscles, the erector muscles, the hip muscles, and lateral stabilizing muscles. The abdominal muscles consist of the rectus abdominus, the internal and external obliques, and the transverse abdominus. They provide frontal support, help maintain good posture, hold the abdominal organs in the correct location, and act together as your body’s own natural “back belt.” The erector spinae muscles run up and down your back to help you maintain erect posture and they assist in recovering from the forward bent position. Even deeper is a layer of muscles that assist in rotational movements and side bending. The hip muscles, most notably the gluteus maximus, hamstrings, and psoas (pronounced soas) move the pelvis and thighs. The gluteus maximus and hamstrings are your major lifting muscles. In fact, when you bend down to touch your toes, about 67% of the bending comes from your hips which is in turn controled by the gluteus maximus and hamstrings muscles. The psoas muscles help lift your thigh and stabilizes the spine. The lateral stabilizers – the quadratus lumborum and the latissamus dorsi both insert into the spinous and transverse processes via the thoracolumbar fascia. They also stabilize and move the spine. Any one or combination of structures can affect the curve or lumbar lordosis.     Mechanical Low Back Pain   Mechanical low back pain has been reported to arise from trauma (either chronic or sudden) such as a fall, a motor vehicle accident, twisting, prolonged poor postures, mental stress, fatigue, disc extrusion (also known as a slipped disc, rupture, or disc herniation), sometimes painful degenerative disc disease(also called arthritis), aging, congenital defects, poor flexibility, etc. Causes such as infection, hormonal problems, broken bones, systemic disease, and tumors require serious medical intervention but are very rare and are beyond the realm of this discussion. Acute low back pain is defined as activity intolerance due to lower back or back-related leg symptoms of less than 3 months’ duration. Chronic low back pain, therefore, is defined as pain/problems lasting greater than 3 months. Regardless of the cause or duration of mechanical low back pain, the result is likely to be damaged soft tissue(s) which can stimulate nerves and produce pain. It is important to understand that it is next to impossible to determine exactly which tissue(s) are the cause of the low back pain. Someone like yourself may be experiencing pain and quite frankly, the cause is unknown. It could be muscle(s), ligament(s), disc(s), tendon(s), joint(s), and/or other connective tissue. They all can produce similar symptoms which commonly present as pain on one side of the back or across the back. It may radiate into the buttock or into the thigh. Quite often it will be accompanied by painful cramping of the muscles called a muscle spasm. Furthermore, medical research has shown that x-rays are of little help in determining the cause of low back pain except in rare cases such as severe trauma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is also ineffective at determining the cause of low back pain. For example 2 out of 3 people have positive findings for disc abnormalities on an MRI but are painless. As many as 1 in 3 people have disc bulges and are completely painless. Health care professionals often call low back pain a “pain in search of a pathology.” This means that a patient’s medical tests will be negative or a test will produce a false positive. The cause could be any number of structures.   Treating Low Back Pain   So how do we treat something if we don’t know what exactly is wrong. We do know that mechanical low back pain is caused by damaged soft tissue. The damage stimulates pain nerves called nociceptors. The goal then is to promote healing of the damaged soft tissue which will eliminate the pain, not just treat the pain itself. This is done with a program that is customized to your individual needs.   Here are the steps: Protecting the damaged soft tissue to prevent further breakdown. The area of damaged soft tissue is protected with rest and positioning. Activities that cause the pain should be avoided while the low back heals. Pain management techniques should be used and your physical therapist will discuss these with you. Bed rest is usually only necessary for 1-3 days (longer periods of bed rest have not been proven to be beneficial). Increasing the circulation and mobility. This will deliver the proper building blocks (proteins, repair cells called fibroblasts, oxygen, proteins, etc.), remove inflammatory and waste products that build up in painful tissue(s), and prevent tissue atrophy. Increasing circulation is accomplished by walking and performing painless range of motion, stretching, and strengthening exercises. Correcting the dysfunctions (weakness, poor posture, poor flexibility) that caused the problem in the first place. Progressive strengthening exercises, flexibility exercise, and postural/body mechanics education will help reduce the stress on your low back and promote proper repair. The Key: Your physical therapist will give you the tools to treat your dysfunctions and create your own customized treatment program. That’s not all. Anyone who has suffered from low back pain must understand that the problem is not corrected when the pain ends. Muscles must be stronger than before the pain started (that takes 12+ weeks), many weeks are needed to improve flexibility, and repeated practice is necessary to incorporate proper posture and body mechanics into your daily activities. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Heat Pack  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Low Back Active Range of Motion  Video Low Back Joint Mobilization  Video Low Back Passive Range of Motion  Video Low Back Resistive Range of Motion  Video Lumbar Traction  Video McKenzie Exercise  Video Posture Training  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Improve Relaxation Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of one low back and pelvis 3d Anatomy of one lower back and spine Ankylosing Spondylitis Acute Low Back Pain Who Will Respond to Treatment Back Pain in Children Back Pain from Medline Plus About Rheumatoid Arthritis from the Arthritis Foundation Rheumatoid Arthritis Resources Lumbar Surgery Overview Treatment Goals Resources Lumbar Laminectomy/Discectomy A lumbar laminectomy/discectomy is a common surgery to remove fragments of an extruded herniated disc. The image above is a simplification of the procedure: The surgeon makes an incision through the skin just off the centerline of the spine. The bony area of the vertebra, called the lamina is exposed and a small portion of it is removed (called a laminectomy). A ligament, called the ligamentum flavum, is reflected back to expose the nerves and the extruded disc material. The spinal nerve is retracted (moved back) for better exposure of the extruded disc fragments. The fragments are then removed (this is called a discectomy or removal of the damaged disc fragments). Physical therapy should be prescribed after surgery. While rehabilitation for each individual can differ, treatment usually consists of flexibility exercise, lumbar stabilization/core strengthening, and aerobic exercise. Studies have shown that patients that undergo physical therapy after lumbar discectomy have better outcomes than those that do not receive physical therapy. Reference Possible Treatments Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Low Back Active Range of Motion  Video Low Back Joint Mobilization  Video Low Back Passive Range of Motion  Video Low Back Resistive Range of Motion  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Improve Wound Healing Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of one low back and pelvis 3d Anatomy of one lower back and spine Back Pain from Medline Plus Scoliosis Overview Treatment Goals Resources Scoliosis Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine. There may be one curve (“C” curve) present or two curves (“S” curve). Scoliosis is technically defined as a lateral curve of the spine greater than 10 degrees. Ten to 20 degrees of curvature is called mild scoliosis, 20-40 degrees is a moderate scoliosis, and greater than 40 degrees of curvature is a severe scoliosis. Approximately 2-3 million people have scoliosis and there is no cure for the problem. In most cases (approximately 80%), the scoliosis is idiopathic in nature meaning there is no apparent cause. It affects all age groups and males as often as females. Infantile scoliosis affects children at birth. Juvenile scoliosis affect children between age 4 and puberty, adolescent scoliosis affects kids from puberty to adulthood, and there is also a classification of adult onset scoliosis. Female scoliosis patients are more likely to experience a progression of the disease. Symptoms may include pain and fatigue and in severe cases difficulty with breathing, digestion, and walking. Treatment typically consists of bracing for moderate curves and surgery for severe curves. Although there is little medical literature to prove the effectiveness of exercise for correction/improvement of a scoliosis curve, physical therapists are your best choice if you are looking for a customized exercise program for your scoliosis. Recommended exercises can decrease pain, stretch tight muscles, and strengthen the core spine/abdominal muscles. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Heat Pack  Video Low Back Active Range of Motion  Video Low Back Joint Mobilization  Video Low Back Passive Range of Motion  Video Low Back Resistive Range of Motion  Video Posture Training  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Fitness Improve Function Optimize Joint Alignment Improve Muscle Strength and Power Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Improve Relaxation Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the abdomen 3d Anatomy of one low back and pelvis National Scoliosis Foundation Scoliosis from Medline Plus Lumbar Stenosis Overview Treatment Resources Lumbar Stenosis Spinal stenosis is the narrowing of the spinal canals. It may involve the central canal, the hollow tube on the backside of the spine through which the spinal cord travels, and/or the transverse foramina, the canals from which the spinal nerves exit. Narrowing of the spinal canals is usually an age related process (called secondary stenosis). During this process the vertebral discs lose their height (degenerate), the ligaments become stiff, and bone spurs may form. The combination of loss of disc height, hardening of the ligaments, and bone spur formation can cause the stenosis. Other conditions such as spondylolisthesis, trauma, or post-surgical complications, can also cause stenosis. Because of mechanical compression and blood flow congestion, spinal stenosis can result in severe pain. With lumbar or low back spinal stenosis, symptoms often include low back pain and a diffuse radiation of pain into the buttocks and thighs. Tingling and numbness and leg weakness may be present as well. Symptoms are often worse with standing, walking, and backward bending/extension of the spine. Sitting, forward bending, and unweighting of the body often provide relief. One of the hallmark signs of lumbar spinal stenosis is a decreased walking tolerance. Conservative care (rehabilitation), may be helpful. Treatment may consist of stretching, strengthening, joint mobilization/manipulation, aerobic exercise, and activity modification. Walking with an “unweighting system” or aquatic exercise may be helpful. It is important to work closely with your physician and physical therapist. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Gait or Walking Training  Video Low Back Active Range of Motion  Video Low Back Joint Mobilization  Video Low Back Passive Range of Motion  Video Low Back Resistive Range of Motion  Video Lumbar Traction  Video Stationary Cycling  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Walking Training (called Gait Training) Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of one low back and pelvis 3d Anatomy of one lower back and spine Lumbar Stenosis from Medline Plus Spinal Stenosis from NIAMS ## BALANCE & FALL PREVENTION https://rehabsolutionspt.com/balance-fall-prevention/ Updated: 2026-09-29 BALANCE & FALL PREVENTION Don’t let a fear of falling keep you from being active. The good news is that there clinically proven ways to prevent most falls and we can help. A collaborative effort between your doctor and our physical therapy team can make a difference. It Starts with a Thorough Evaluation Physical therapy starts with a thorough evaluation of your health & fall risk factors. We will then set up on on a personalized prevention program to address the findings we identify during your initial visit. Evaluation and Treatment May Involve One or More of the Following: Strength testing Flexibility testing Walking (gait) patterns Your health history Sight and hearing screenings Blood pressure Assistive/adaptive device use & education Footwear recommendations Review of your medications & side effects along with your physician Strength training Balance training Flexibility exercises Visual exercises Functional exercises Weight-bearing exercises Sleep hygiene Risk reduction/modification education A personalized home program Everyone is different so treatment programs will vary. The best thing you can do is contact our office and schedule an initial evaluation for balance treatment & our fall prevention program. In most cases, insurance will cover it. ## Careers https://rehabsolutionspt.com/careers/ Updated: 2026-09-29 CAREERS Clinic Director Clinic Director Job Description Company: Elite Rehab Solutions/Rehab Solutions Department: Leadership Team Reports to: Area Director/Upper Management Position Summary: Manages the day-to-day operations of the assigned clinic and ensures values are enforced and properly communicated to all employees. Responsibilities and Duties: Implement company initiatives, changes in policy, work schedules, regulations, processes and procedures: Become familiar with policy and procedures manual and ensure compliance throughout the clinic from all staff Manage day to day operations of the assigned clinic: Office Coordinator Management Oversee Referral Log Oversee DME orders Therapy Technician Management Proper limitations/utilization of Techs (Sending Techs home if not needed) Assure cleaning schedule is being followed Maintain good relationships with payors Ensure Worker’s Comp progress notes, initial evaluations, and discharges are complete and faxed same day Frequently monitor Medical Records Request Log to ensure attorney’s needs are being met Keeping track of hourly employee timecards and approving them in a timely manner Monitor to ensure appropriate clock in/out procedure and location is correct Make sure overtime is not happening without necessary cause Documenting actions taken to resolve conflicts/problems, and report to upper-level management Take appropriate actions to ensure compliance with state and federal laws: Make sure all therapists have license up to date HIPAA/OSHA compliance is maintained CPR/AED certification Collaborate with other Clinic Directors to coordinate coverage if/when needed: Track and approve therapists time off/CEU requests Ensure traveling/multi-location clinicians are documenting the appropriate location and their mileage in Gusto on weekly basis Focus on metrics including but not limited to: total visits, new referrals, arrival percentage, units per visit, visits per referral, denial/appeal requests, and prescription expirations/progress note completion Pay attention to expenses and budget accordingly: Each clinic has a set budget to each month Big purchases need to be communicated with upper management for approval Organize and run scheduled staff meeting as appropriate for their clinic staff: Meeting frequency is at the CD’s discretion, based of clinic size/needs Assist with marketing strategies to ensure clinic is successful in including physician outreach, community events, sponsorship opportunities, and working together with the other local clinics Communicate with Clinical Coordinators for your area and help set up clinical for PT/PTA students Assist with recruiting, interviewing all staff: Initial interviews of possible candidates can be done initially by CD via phone with upper management alerted and kept up to date on process Onsite interviews: communicate with HR and upper management Complete 90-day new hire & annual performance reviews of staff therapists, office coordinators, and techs: Reviews Keep track of complete review paperwork/documentation Paperwork for reviews are located in “Elite Rehab Solutions” One Drive for GA locations Sign & email completed paperwork to HR once review is complete Communicate with HR and upper management if employee is to be given a raise so it will be reflected on their next paycheck Mentor staff physical therapists, especially new hires and/or new grads Onboarding Process Communicate with HR on what paperwork needs to be completed on day one (SS Card/ID copied) HIPAA/OSHA training & Employee Handbook is now provided during Gusto payroll onboarding- employee signs electronically Casamba login established Set up work schedule and educate how to document and schedule on Casamba Gusto: Educate on how to enter hours/request time off Create a fun and engaging working environment Birthdays/Anniversary: can be listed in the clinic board and is at the discretion of each individual CD how they celebrate Motivate and encourage staff; lead by example in every aspect of the clinic Communicate with staff on regular basis to ensure overall job satisfaction Daily check ins with new grads Communicate with Techs on needs for the clinics and weekly inventory Communicate with OC’s on scheduling preferences Apply Now Office Coordinator Office Coordinator Job Description Company: Elite Rehab Solutions/Rehab Solutions Department: Front Office Staff Reports to: Senior Office Coordinator (SOC) and/or Director of Office Coordinators Position Summary: Serves patients by greeting and helping them; scheduling appointments; maintaining records and accounts.Verifies and Explains Insurance benefits to patients.   Responsibilities and Duties: Welcomes patients and visitors by greeting patients and visitors, in person or on the telephone; answering or referring inquiries. Optimizes patients’ satisfaction, provider time, and treatment room utilization by scheduling appointments in person or by telephone. Keeps patient appointments on schedule by notifying provider of patient’s arrival; reviewing service delivery compared to schedule; reminding provider of service delays. Comforts patients by anticipating patients’ anxieties; answering patients’ questions; maintaining the reception area. Ensures availability of treatment information by filing and retrieving patient records. Maintains patient accounts by obtaining, recording, and updating personal and financial information. Obtains revenue by recording and updating financial information; recording and collecting patient charges; controlling credit extended to patients; filing, collecting, and expediting third-party claims. Maintains business office inventory and equipment by checking stock to determine inventory level; anticipating needed supplies; placing and expediting orders for supplies; verifying receipt of supplies; scheduling equipment service and repairs. Protects patients’ rights by maintaining confidentiality of personal and financial information. Maintains operations by following policies and procedures; reporting needed changes. Contributes to team effort by accomplishing related results as needed. Apply Now Physical Therapist Physical Therapist Job Description Company: Elite Rehab Solutions/Rehab Solutions Department: Clinicians Reports to: Clinic Director/Area Director Position Summary: Evaluates patients’ conditions, develops personalized treatment plans, and implements therapeutic interventions to enhance their physical well-being. Responsibilities and Duties: Facilitating and managing patient care duties following the guidelines established by practice act, licensing board, and under direction of and referral by physician in respective state Overseeing and providing, where qualifications exist, quality patient care according to practice standards of American Physical Therapy Association appropriate to age and disability related to limitation in function Documenting and performing charge related functions Acting as a representative of profession, Rehab Solutions, and person in positive outlook Marketing patient care services to community, physicians, other referral sources Overseeing patient care and clinic billing practices Consult with patients to learn about their physical condition and symptoms and review their medical history and referrals from doctors or surgeons Diagnose movement dysfunction by listening to patients and observing them as they move about Develop an individualized treatment plan Coach patients and teach them therapeutic exercises and stretches to improve their condition Maintain patient records by keeping track of goals and progress while adapting treatment plans accordingly Advise patients and their families on in-home treatment options and what to expect from the recovery process Understand relevant metrics and their impact on the clinic; work to improve metrics to support clinic success Develop a personalized, professional development plan and maintain self-accountability for growth in desired areas, both clinically and professionally Apply Now Therapy Technician (Aide) Therapy Technician (Aide) Job Description Company: Elite Rehab Solutions/ Rehab Solutions Department: Clinic Staff Reports to: Clinic Director or assigned OC/therapist when CD is not present (TBD by Clinic Director) Position Summary: Assist PT/PTAs with tasks that are indirectly related to patient care, including performing administrative and clerical tasks, cleaning equipment, preparing treatment areas, and setting up equipment for patients. Responsibilities and Duties: Keeping the gym organized and clean between each round of patient care, cleaning tables, and changing pillowcases Being aware and attentive to provide quality assistance to therapists and patients Sanitizing gym equipment/chairs Setting up patients for exercises recommended by the treating therapist. Notifying therapist when patient has completed the exercise/activity. Offering patients water and general comfort courtesies (tissues, towels, etc.) Washing, drying, and folding laundry daily. Please do not leave damp laundry overnight. Checking waiting room frequently for patients arriving and notifying therapist when patients arrive, especially late patients Getting patients back at the top of every hour, asking the therapist what patients should start with Preparing heat and ice packs for patients, asking therapists if any modalities will be needed as the end of the hour approaches Bathrooms should be cleaned, clinic vacuumed, and supplies restocked (Coffee station, water fridge, bathroom supplies, etc.) on a daily basis Ordering needed gym/office supplies Refilling cleaning supplies and cleaning hydrocollator as needed Scribing for therapists as needed Other reasonable/related duties as management assigns *If there are not specific items from this list that need to be accomplished at a given time, then please interact with patients or find ways to get ahead of work that will benefit the clinic in busier times. Homework or outside work is not permitted unless the supervisor allows. Please limit sitting down in the gym area, and use of electronic devices for personal use is not permitted in the clinic area. Apply Now Physical Therapy Assistant Physical Therapy Assistant Job Description Company: Elite Rehab Solutions/Rehab Solutions Department: Clinicians Reports to: Clinic Director/Area Director Position Summary: Works closely with Physical Therapists and other PTAs to provide rehabilitative care to patients. Responsibilities and Duties: Facilitating and managing patient care duties following the guidelines established by practice act, licensing board, and under direction of and referral by physician in respective state Overseeing and providing, where qualifications exist, quality patient care according to practice standards of American Physical Therapy Association appropriate to age and disability related to limitation in function Acting as a representative of Rehab Solutions and the Physical Therapy profession in a positive and professional way Administering and adhering to plan or care established by PT for each patient Marketing patient care services to community, physicians, other referral sources Overseeing patient care and clinic billing practices Using exercises, stretching, equipment, and hands-on therapy to manage patients’ pain, increase mobility, and prevent further pain and injury 8. Educating patients and family members about the recovery process 9. Consults with physicians and/or other departments about the impact of PT factors on patient health status. Maintains patient confidentiality Able to perform wound care in relation to surgical procedures to optimize therapeutic outcomes Counsel patients and their families on what to do following treatment. Observe the patients they are working with before, during and after therapy and report notes to the Physical Therapist. Assign specific exercises for the patient and help the patients do these exercises. Use devices, such as walkers, and other equipment to help patients regain movement and reduce pain. Use a variety of techniques, including stretching exercises and massage, to treat patients. Assist patients when moving to and from the therapy area. Apply Now ## Conditions https://rehabsolutionspt.com/conditions/ Updated: 2026-09-29 Conditions BACK/HIP PAIN & SCIATICA NECK PAIN & PINCHED NERVES SHOULDER & ROTATOR CUFF PROBLEMS CHRONIC PAIN KNEE & HIP INJURIES FOOT & ANKLE DIAGNOSES MUSCLE STRAINS LIGAMENT SPRAINS JOINT PAIN & ARTHRITIS BALANCE & DIZZINESS DISORDERS NERVE & NEUROMUSCULAR CONDITIONS POST-SURGICAL SPINE & JOINT RECONSTRUCTION ELBOW WRIST & HAND PAIN WORK-RELATED INJURIES Millions of Americans are adversely impacted by back pain each year. Studies show that, at one point or another, approximately 80% of the U.S. population will be affected. While there are a lot of treatment options available, many of these only address the symptoms and don’t target the actual cause of your pain or handle it for the long term.The three main causes of low back pain and sciatica are: Herniated Discs Arthritis Pelvis issues Without identifying the correct cause of your pain there is no way to develop the proper treatment plan. Our physical therapists will find the actual cause of your back pain. The goal of effectively resolving your low back pain or sciatica includes… Identify the true cause Create a unique plan for your specific condition Relieve your pain Restore your normal motion, flexibility, mobility Strengthen the supporting muscle Return to your normal activities Here at Rehab Solutions our specialty is Back and Neck Pain. Our therapists are very experienced and have the knowledge and skills to provide a number of different ways to reach your goal of getting back to your normal self again. On your first visit… It begins with a full interview and physical therapy examination. Afterwards the therapist will explain to you in English, not medical jargon, where the cause of your problem is coming from. YOUR GOALS and YOUR EXPECTATIONS will be discussed and agreed upon. Considering those goals, you will learn what successful treatment looks like. You and the therapist will discuss this plan and work together to resolve your pain and get you back to your normal self again. Common conditions we treat: Back Pain Lumbar sprains/strains Herniated or Bulging Disc (HNP) Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD) Spinal Stenosis Sciatica and leg pain Facet pain Spondylosis Spondylolisthesis Arthritis Osteoporosis Compression fractures Post surgical rehabilitation Physical therapists (PTs) are experts in the art and science of the evaluation and treatment of human movement dysfunctions. We care for people of all ages and treat a variety of muscle, joint and neurological conditions. Conditions we have successfully treated: Whiplash Acute Pain Sprains/Strains Chronic neck pain* Arthritis (spondylosis) Post Surgical Fusion Degenerative Disc Disease Pinched Nerves (Radiculopathy) What are my treatment options? Drugs Surgery Epidural Injections Physical Therapy* Advantages of Physical Therapy: No side effects. Cost-effective. Supported by clinical research*. Customized to treat the underlying cause. Your Recovery Process: Pain relief is priority number one. Recovery of any lost neck motion. Neck stabilization techniques Recovery of functional movement. Independent care. Components of Your Care: A thorough biomechanical evaluation. Extensive patient education. A customized treatment plan. Gentle hands-on techniques to relax the muscles. Effective joint mobilization techniques to decrease stiffness. Pain relieving modalities such as ice, heat, ultrasound or electrical stimulation. Dynamic or static neck traction. Targeted stretching for tight muscles. Individualized posture retraining. Core neck stabilization techniques. Everyone is different. You may require one or two visits, or an extended care plan over several weeks or months. If you’re ready for relief, and tired of “masking” your pain, treat the cause, not just the symptoms!   Physical therapists (PTs) are experts in the art and science of the evaluation and treatment of human movement dysfunctions. We care for people of all ages and treat a variety of muscle, joint and neurological conditions. Conditions we have successfully treated: Impingement* Rotator Cuff Tear Instability Fracture/Trauma Frozen Shoulder Tendinopathy Arthritis What are my treatment options? Drugs Surgery Physical Therapy* Advantages of Physical Therapy: No side effects. Cost-effective. Supported by clinical research*. Customized to treat the underlying cause. Your Recovery Process: Pain Relief Restoration of Normal Movement Recovery of Function Independent Care. Components of Your Care: A thorough biomechanical evaluation. Customized treatment plan. Extensive patient education. Hands-on techniques to relax the muscles and recover mobility. Stretching for tight muscles. Strengthening of weak muscles. Mobilization of stiff joints. Modalities such as ice, heat, ultrasound or electrical stimulation. Everyone is different. You may require one or two visits, or an extended care plan over several weeks or months. If you’re ready for relief, and tired of “masking” your pain, treat the cause, not just the symptoms! Pain is the most common reason for seeking medical care. It is also the most common reason why people choose our physical therapy practice for help. If you are considering physical therapy for pain, this information can help. Acute, Subacute, and Chronic Pain Acute pain is common with tissue damage that may occur with a ligament sprain, a muscle or tendon strain, inflammation within a joint, or a tear of a muscle, tendon, or meniscus. Subacute pain is pain that lasts for 3 to 6 months. Subacute pain is common with more complex conditions where there is prolonged healing (joint replacements and the pain associated with the recovery after surgery). Chronic pain is pain lasting for more than 6 months. While the body’s musculoskeletal tissues may heal from an initial injury or degenerative change, pain may persist for months past the tissue healing process. Nearly 50 million American adults have significant chronic pain or severe pain, according to a new study prepared by National Institutes of Health’s National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH). (1) IMPORTANT: within 6 months almost all tissue damage completely heals. Rarely is there a case when the body cannot heal. Rare cases of diabetes may limit the healing process; however, in almost all cases, tissue healing will occur within 6 months. Physical therapists that are trained to help patients with chronic pain can really help patients with chronic pain. Below, we will describe how. What is Pain? Pain is an Output, not an Input. Pain is the combination of numerous factors that result in a conscious experience that demands your attention. Below is a list of many of the factors that contribute to your conscious experience of pain. In other words, pain is NOT damaged tissue stimulating pain nerves which send pain signal through pain nerves up to your brain. There’s much more to it. We’ve Only Scratched the Surface of All the Great Treatments Our Therapists Can Provide! If you have chronic pain, we encourage you to set up an appointment with one of our physical therapists. We will take a thorough health history, perform a physical exam, create a custom program for you and help put you back on the road to recovery. Call Us Today Physical therapists (PTs) are experts in the art and science of the evaluation and treatment of human movement dysfunctions. We care for people of all ages and treat a variety of muscle, joint and neurological conditions. Conditions we have successfully treated: Arthritis Chondromalacia Patellofemoral Pain Ligament Sprains Tendonitis/Bursitis Tendon/Muscle Strains IT Band Syndrome Post Surgical Conditions What are my treatment options? Drugs Corticosteroid Injections Epidural Injections Physical Therapy* Advantages of Physical Therapy: No side effects. Cost-effective. Supported by clinical research*. Customized to treat the underlying cause. Your Recovery Process: Pain Relief Recovery of Knee Motion Recovery of Strength Functional/Sports Retraining Independent Home/Health Club Program Components of Your Care: A thorough biomechanical evaluation. Extensive patient education. A customized treatment plan. Gentle hands-on techniques to relax the muscles. Effective joint mobilization techniques to decrease stiffness. Pain relieving modalities such as ice, heat, ultrasound or electrical stimulation. Targeted stretching for tight muscles. Progressive strength training. Balance and muscular re-education Physical therapists (PTs) are experts in the art and science of the evaluation and treatment of human movement dysfunctions. We care for people of all ages and treat a variety of muscle, joint and neurological conditions. Conditions we have successfully treated: Ankle Pain Shin Splints Ankle Sprains Plantar Fasciitis Achilles Tendonitis Excessive Pronation Post Surgical Conditions Tibialis Posterior Tendonitis What are my treatment options? Drugs Corticosteroid Injections Surgery Physical Therapy* Advantages of Physical Therapy: No side effects. Cost-effective. Supported by clinical research*. Customized to treat the underlying cause. Your Recovery Process: Pain Relief Recovery of Mobility or Stability Increased Strength Recovery of Walking and Functional Skills Independent Care Components of Your Care: A thorough biomechanical evaluation. Extensive patient education. A customized treatment plan. Gentle hands-on techniques to relax the muscles. Effective joint mobilization techniques to decrease stiffness. Pain relieving modalities such as ice, heat, ultrasound or electrical stimulation. Targeted stretching for tight muscles. Walking retraining. Balance exercises. Shoe inserts (orthotic recommendations). Sprains and strains are common injuries that we sustain with daily activities, recreation, and competitive sports. But what is a sprain and what is a strain? Strains A strain is the tearing of muscle fibers. Muscle fibers are the individual units that make up your muscles. When you call upon the muscle to perform strong or repeated contractions, you may suffer a strain. To further confuse the layperson, strains are classified into grades I, II, and III. Another way to think of these grades is mild (grade I), moderate (grade II), severe (grade III). A grade I strain is a mild disruption of the muscle fibers. There may be mild swelling, mild tenderness, and it may be painful to stretch and use the injured muscle. A grade II muscle strain indicates moderate muscle fiber damage. The pain is moderate to severe, it definitely hurts to use and stretch the injured muscle, and ecchymosis may be present. Ecchymosis (commonly called bruising) indicates that there was internal damage to blood vessels that resulted in bleeding within and around the muscle. This bleeding is often visible under the skin as a purple, blue, red, yellow, and even green in color. A grade III strain is the most severe. It is the complete tearing of a muscle into two pieces, or separation of the muscle from its associated tendon. There is severe pain, complete loss of muscle strength, swelling is normally present with ecchymosis, and there may be a palpable “indentation” where the muscle is torn. Medical intervention is usually necessary. Typically, an orthopaedist (musculoskeletal specialist) will evaluate your condition and surgical repair may be necessary. Sprains Sprains are tears of the ligaments and capsules (tissues around joints). Ligaments are made up of bundles of somewhat elastic, collagen tissue and attach one bone to another. Capsules typically partially or completely surround a joint. In a synovial joint, there is lubricating and nourishing fluid within the capsule called synovial fluid. Like strains, sprains are classified as grade I, II, or III in their severity. A grade I sprain involves a minimal number of ligament fibers. There may be pain, swelling, and only mild loss of function. A grade II sprain is a moderate or partial ligament tear. There is usually moderate to severe pain, swelling and bruising are typically present, and there is a loss of joint function (e.g., it is extremely difficult or you are unable to walk on a grade II ligament sprain of the ankle). A grade III sprain is a complete tearing of the ligament or joint capsule into two pieces. Severe pain, swelling, bruising, and loss of function are associated with a grade III sprain. As with grade III strains, orthopaedic intervention/surgical repair may be necessary. Joint pain is a very common condition that we treat on a daily basis. One of the many treatment techniques physical therapy professionals are trained to use is a technique called joint mobilization. Joint Mobilization is utilized to relieve joint pain, improve mobility, and improve physical function (the ability to walk and move). Types of Joint Mobilization There are a number of techniques to mobilize (move) joints in the body. These mobilization techniques often have specific names derived from the clinicians that created and successfully tested them on patients. Examples of some techniques are: IASTM or Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization Mulligan Manual Therapy or mobilization with movement Neural Tension Mobilization – specialized techniques to move nerves Graded Mobilizations – low velocity movement techniques with various amplitudes Manipulation – high velocity, low amplitude thrust at or near the end-range of joint mobility Details About a Specific Type of Mobilization – Manipulation Spinal manipulation—sometimes called “spinal manipulative therapy”—is utilized by physical therapists here at our practice. We perform spinal manipulation by using our hands or a device to apply a controlled force to a joint of the spine. The amount of force applied depends on the form of manipulation used. The goal of the treatment is to relieve pain and improve physical functioning. Side Effects and Risks Reviews have concluded that spinal manipulation for low-back pain is relatively safe when performed by a trained and licensed practitioner. The most common side effects are generally minor and include feeling tired or experiencing temporary soreness. Tell all of your health care providers about any complementary health practices you use. Give them a full picture of what you do to manage your health. This will help ensure coordinated and safe care. What is a balance disorder? A balance disorder is a condition that makes you feel unsteady or dizzy. If you are standing, sitting, or lying down, you might feel as if you are moving, spinning, or floating. If you are walking, you might suddenly feel as if you are tipping over. Everyone has a dizzy spell now and then, but the term “dizziness” can mean different things to different people. For one person, dizziness might mean a fleeting feeling of faintness, while for another it could be an intense sensation of spinning (vertigo) that lasts a long time.   What are the symptoms of a balance disorder? If you have a balance disorder, you may stagger when you try to walk, or teeter or fall when you try to stand up. You might experience other symptoms such as: Dizziness or vertigo (a spinning sensation) Falling or feeling as if you are going to fall Lightheadedness, faintness, or a floating sensation Blurred vision Confusion or disorientation. Other symptoms might include nausea and vomiting, changes in heart rate and blood pressure, and fear, anxiety, or panic. Symptoms may come and go over short time periods or last for a long time, and can lead to fatigue and depression. What causes balance disorders? There are many causes of balance problems, such as medications, ear infections, a head injury, or anything else that affects the inner ear or brain. Low blood pressure can lead to dizziness when you stand up too quickly. Problems that affect the skeletal or visual systems, such as arthritis or eye muscle imbalance, can also cause balance disorders. Your risk of having balance problems increases as you get older. Treatment for Balance Disorders There are more than a dozen causes of dizziness and many reasons why you might have difficulty with your balance. Treatment of balance & dizziness disorders can be very complex. Nevertheless, we have helped numerous residents in the community cope with or recover from conditions that cause balance disorders. The first thing your doctor will do if you have a balance problem is determine if another health condition or a medication is to blame. If so, your doctor will treat the condition, suggest a different medication, or in many cases, refer you to one of our balance disorder experts here at Rehab Solutions. How Our Physical Therapists Can Help Physical therapist directed treatment can assist patients with balance disorders in a number of ways. As experts in the evaluation and treatment of movement, muscle, joint, and nervous system disorders, our physical therapists can prescribe and implement a variety of treatments including: Coordination Exercises Proprioception Exercises Strengthening Exercises Stretching and Range of Motion Exercises Posture Exercises Retraining of the Inner Ear Visual Tracking Training Positional Vertigo – A Common Cause of Dizziness & Balance Disorders If you have BPPV (benign paroxysmal positional vertigo), our vestibular therapy experts can perform a series of simple movements, such as the Epley maneuver, which can help dislodge the otoconia (calcium crystals) from the semicircular canal of the ear. In many cases, one session works; other people need the procedure several times to relieve their dizziness. We Can Help You Cope With Your Condition The physical therapists at Rehab Solutions can also help increase your strength and coordination to help lower your risk of falling and getting hurt during daily activities, such as when you walk up or down stairs, use the bathroom, or exercise. Some people with a balance disorder will need the help of our vestibular rehabilitation therapists to cope with their problems. In each case, we will conduct a personalized evaluation of your condition and then we will develop an individualized treatment plan. Call Today Call us today to learn more about how we can develop a personalized treatment program for your balance problems and help you get back to enjoying a higher quality of life. Rehab Solutions provides comprehensive physical therapy services for adults and children with a variety of nervous system disorders including: Balance disorders CVA (stroke) CP (cerebral palsy) Lou Gehrig’s disease (ALS) Multiple Sclerosis Parkinson’s Disease Many more Our skilled services start with a thorough initial evaluation where we discuss and assess the patient’s specific need so we can provide a personalized physical rehabilitation program. We examine your movement, strength, flexibility, functional, balance, and muscle tone. It’s important for us also to work closely with your doctor and any other healthcare providers so we can achieve your specific goals in a timely manner. Our Neuro Rehab Care Our physical therapy team use a variety of treatment techniques and modalities including: Adaptive equipment for safe & successful return to sports and recreation Assistive device fitting & training Education and training in compensatory strategies to recover function Gait Training with use of assistive equipment/devices Neuromuscular re-education Seating assessment and wheelchair instruction Splinting, bracing and the use of specialized therapy equipment Therapeutic exercise and balance activities To learn more about our neuro rehab program, give us a call …as well as rehab for common post-surgical procedures Many times, after surgery, physicians refer patients to our physical therapy practice with the goals of recovering strength, function, and mobility. Our therapists provide one-on-one, evidence-based physical therapy treatment sessions to help facilitate your recovery and return to activities of daily living (ADLs), work, recreational activities and even competitive sports. During the course of your recovery, we maintain regular communication with your surgeon to ensure your progress matches your surgeon’s expected outcome. The rehabilitative process depends on the injury and type of surgery. We help patients recover and rehabilitate from a variety of orthopedic post-operative joint replacement, tendon, and ligament reconstructive procedures, including: Knee, hip and shoulder joint replacements Reconstruction of any one or more of the four major knee ligaments: anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) Arthroscopic knee surgeries (such as meniscectomies, meniscal repairs) Ligament and tendon repair, including Achilles tendon repairs Arthroscopic hip surgeries (such as labral repairs) Nerve releases (such as cubital tunnel, radial tunnel, carpal tunnel, tarsal tunnel) Neck and back surgery (such as fusions, laminectomy, decompression and discectomy) Nerve compression release Bone or joint fusion (arthrodesis) Tendon transfers Surgical fixation of fractures, including open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), a two-part surgery used to fix broken bones where the broken bone is reduced (put back into place) and an internal fixation device is placed on the bone (e.g., screws, plates, rods or pins) to hold the bone together Shoulder post-surgical recovery for rotator cuff tears, labral tears, superior labrum anterior and posterior (SLAP) tear or lesion, arthroscopy and more Some of the treatments used to accomplish the goal of regaining movement and reducing pain, swelling and stiffness may include one or more of the following: Manual therapy Soft tissue and/or joint mobilization Muscle energy Gait and balance training Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) – electrical muscle & nerve stimulation Therapeutic exercise and functional strength training Ultrasound Functional re-education Rehabilitative exercises to help help increase strength, endurance, motion, balance and coordination Call Us Today for More Information or to Get Started Our hand therapy services are provided by experienced, skilled, physical therapists. Our therapists work one-on-one with patients using compassion, creativity, and advanced therapy techniques, in a comfortable environment, to help patients achieve their goals and restore function. Individually designed therapy programs are carefully developed for patients with injuries and/or medical conditions related to the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hand and digits. Services may include the following: Evaluation (pre- and post-op) Splints (custom & prefabricated) Patient/Family Education Written Home Programs Wound Care Kinetic Taping Thermal and Electrical Modalities Strength & Endurance Training Injury Prevention Programs Scar and Pain Management Edema Control Manual Therapy Desensitization Patients that suffer from work-related injuries may meet the treatment goals of physical therapy but cannot return to work due to deconditioning (being out of shape). Work conditioning programs, which often simulate the demands of a given job description, are designed to help patients with the following: Recover their strength Improve endurance Increase flexibility & mobility Improve cardiorespiratory fitnes Personalized interventions are also provided to decrease the odds of re-injury upon return work Typically, these programs consist of personalized, full-body, intensive training with a focus on the activities that are similar to the physical demands required by a particular category of employment. To learn more about our work conditioning program, please give us a call. ## Contact Us https://rehabsolutionspt.com/contact-us/ Updated: 2026-09-29 Contact Us Get In Touch ## Dry Needling https://rehabsolutionspt.com/dry-needling/ Updated: 2026-09-29 DRY NEEDLING Dry Needling is also known as intramuscular stimulation (IMS) and trigger point dry needling (TDN). It is a safe, effective and efficient treatment used to: Relax myofascial trigger points, and Restore normal muscle tones, muscle length, coordination, function and strength Dry needling involves insertion and repetitive manipulation of a “dry”, solid filament needle in a trigger point in order to produce an involuntary spinal cord reflex, also known as a local twitch response (LTR). This results in lasting muscle relaxation due to the release of shortened bands of muscle fibers for overactive (tight) muscles or the activation of under-active (weak) muscles. Deactivation of the trigger points can bring immediate relief of symptoms, so the therapist can immediately train the muscles to work with the newly gained pain free range of motion (ROM). Dry Needling vs. Acupuncture Dry needling is similar to acupuncture in the sense that a dry, solid filament needle is inserted and manipulated under the skin to release endorphins and serum cortisol for pain relief. The difference is that dry needling is based on western neuroanatomy and modern scientific study of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems. Acupuncture is based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It creates balance in the body by influencing the flow of Qi (energy) in pathways called meridians to achieve pain relief and alleviate inflammation. Conditions Treated by Dry Needling Dry needling has successfully been used to treat a variety of conditions including: Head and Neck Pain – including whiplash and headaches / migraines, degenerative joint disease, degenerative disk disease or osteoarthritis Otological (Ear) and Opthamological (Eye) Pain – including tinnitus and eye strain Dental (Teeth) and Orthodontic (Jaw and Occlusal) Pain – including cavities, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction, tooth impaction and root problems Shoulder Pain – including rotator cuff muscle tears, bursitis, adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder), tendonitis and impingement syndrome Elbow Pain – including lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) and medial epicondylitis (golfer’s elbow) Hand and Wrist Pain – including gamekeeper’s thumb, DeQuervain’s syndrome, carpal tunnel syndrome, degenerative joint disease and osteoarthritis Back and Hip Pain – including lumbar degenerative disc disease, arthritic changes and herniated discs Knee Pain – including degenerative joint disease or osteoarthritis Shin / Ankle / Foot Pain – including shin splints, gout, metatarsalgia and Morton’s neuroma Plantar Fasciitis (Heel Pain) Acute and Chronic Tendonitis Athletic and Sports-related Overuse Injuries Post-surgical Pain Post-traumatic Injuries, Motor Vehicle Accidents (MVA), and Work-related Injuries Other Chronic Pain Conditions – including myofascial pain and myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) ## Elbow https://rehabsolutionspt.com/elbow/ Updated: 2026-09-29 Elbow Articles Fractures/Dislocation Elbow Overview Treatment Goals Fractures/Dislocation Elbow Elbow fractures usually involve a fall onto the outstretched arm or a direct trauma to the elbow. With elbow dislocations there may be associated nerve and/or blood vessel injuries. X-rays may show the fracture or dislocation but small breaks may be difficult to see. Fractures are an emergency and immediate reduction (or placing the bones together to allow healing) is necessary. Bone breaks within the joint need special attention to ensure recovery of proper function of the joints. Possible Treatments Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Elbow Active Range of Motion  Video Elbow Joint Mobilization  Video Elbow Passive Range of Motion  Video Elbow Resistive Range of Motion  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Physical Agents   Possible Treatment Goals Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Wound Healing Loose Bodies Overview Treatment Goals Resources Loose Bodies Loose bodies are usually the result of old injuries or osteoarthritis of elbow joint. Locking and pain are the predominant signs and symptoms. The condition may be treated by surgical removal of the loose bodies if conservative care fails.      Possible Treatments Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Elbow Active Range of Motion  Video Elbow Joint Mobilization  Video Elbow Passive Range of Motion  Video Elbow Resistive Range of Motion  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Foam Roll Exercise  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Physical Agents   Possible Treatment Goals Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the elbow Ulnar Nerve Injuries Overview Treatment Goals Resources Ulnar Nerve Injuries This injury is usually the result of excessive valgus stress on the elbow during repeated throwing (especially during the cocking phase of a throw). Sometimes a direct injury to the nerve within the cubital tunnel (“hitting your funny bone”) will result in nerve damage. Symptoms include tingling and numbness in the ring and pinky fingers. This may occur during or after throwing or with prolonged bending of the elbow. Changing throwing technique, bracing if necessary, and therapeutic exercise may be helpful. If the problem persists, or there is prolonged weakness, then surgery is indicated.     Possible Treatments Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Elbow Active Range of Motion  Video Elbow Joint Mobilization  Video Elbow Passive Range of Motion  Video Elbow Resistive Range of Motion  Video Foam Roll Exercise  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Physical Agents Possible Treatment Goals Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Decrease Nerve Compression Increase Oxygen to Tissues Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the elbow Hand Fractures Biceps Rupture at the Elbow Overview Treatment Goals Resources Biceps Rupture at the Shoulder/Elbow This injury is usually the result of a sudden forceful straightening of the elbow during concurrent contraction of the biceps muscle. Typically, there is sudden forearm pain and weakness. Surgical repair is necessary. Post-surgical rehabilitation can be helpful with the recovery of range of motion, strength, and function.   Possible Treatments Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Elbow Active Range of Motion  Video Elbow Joint Mobilization  Video Elbow Passive Range of Motion  Video Elbow Resistive Range of Motion  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Foam Roll Exercise  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms   Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the elbow Distal Triceps Rupture Overview Treatment Goals Resources Distal Triceps Rupture Sudden forced bending (flexion) while the elbow is being straightened (extended), is a common mechanism. As with biceps rupture, surgical repair is necessary.    Possible Treatments Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Elbow Active Range of Motion  Video Elbow Joint Mobilization  Video Elbow Passive Range of Motion  Video Elbow Resistive Range of Motion  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Foam Roll Exercise  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video   Possible Treatment Goals Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Wound Healing Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the elbow Golfer’s Elbow (Medial Epicondylalgia) Overview Treatment Goals Resources Golfer’s Elbow (Medial Epicondylalgia) People that suffer from golfer’s elbow are often involved with racquet sports or golf. As with tennis elbow, they may overuse the forearm, traumatize the elbow by hitting several “fat” golf shots, or have poor swing technique. Pain at the inner aspect of the elbow and reproduction of symptoms with resisted wrist flexion are common. Activity modification, anti-inflammatory medications, ice, and progressive stretching and strengthening will relieve most cases. Surgery is only an option in recalcitrant cases.   Possible Treatments Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Elbow Active Range of Motion  Video Elbow Joint Mobilization  Video Elbow Passive Range of Motion  Video Elbow Resistive Range of Motion  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Foam Roll Exercise  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Iontophoresis Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Range of Motion Improve Relaxation Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources Golfer’s Elbow Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylalgia) Overview Treatment Goals Resources Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylalgia) Lateral (meaning away from the midline of the body) epicondylalgia (meaning pain of the epicondyle) is a painful condition on the outer aspect of the elbow. The common name for lateral epicondylalgia is tennis elbow but only 5% of the people afflicted with this condition play tennis. Pain at the elbow may have one or more causes: it could be from the forearm tendons that attach at the outer aspect of the elbow, it could be referred pain from the next, it could be from one or more of the joints at the elbow, or it may originate from the radial nerve that is in close proximity to the elbow joint.   It often occurs with repetitive use of the arm especially with a clenched fist. Most cases are not due to tennis. Local tenderness and pain with resisted and passive extension of the wrists is common. Activity modification, anti-inflammatory medications, ice, and progressive stretching and strengthening will relieve most cases. Surgery is only an option in recalcitrant cases. Possible Treatments Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Elbow Active Range of Motion  Video Elbow Joint Mobilization  Video Elbow Passive Range of Motion  Video Elbow Resistive Range of Motion  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Foam Roll Exercise  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Iontophoresis Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Range of Motion Improve Relaxation Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the elbow Tennis Elbow ## Exercise Programs https://rehabsolutionspt.com/exercise-programs/ Updated: 2026-09-29 Exercise Programs Exercise Articles Fitness Terminology Before you start an exercise program, consult your therapist and physician. We would like to introduce you to some common fitness terms that will hopefully improve your knowledge of and interest in physical fitness. Fitness – sound physically and mentally; AKA healthy Repetitions (commonly called “reps”) – the number of times one repeats a movement. For example, if you lift a weight with your arm 10 times, you have performed 10 repetitions. Set(s) – a discrete number of repetitions. For example, if you lift a weight 10 times, rest, and lift the weight 10 times again, you have performed “two sets” of 10 repetitions. Muscle – the contractile unit responsible for moving your bones. Tendon – the non-contractile unit that transmits the force of the muscle to the bone. Tendons connect muscles to bones. Ligament – the soft tissues that hold two or more bones together. Cartilage – connective tissue that covers the ends of bones and acts as a cushion to absorb shock and a smooth surface to decrease friction between two or more bones in a moving joint. Aerobic Exercise – The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) defines aerobic exercise as “any activity that uses large muscle groups, can be maintained continuously, and is rhythmic in nature.” Aerobic means in the presence of oxygen. In other words, your body is burning its fuel (glucose) in the presence of oxygen. It is performed at less than 85% of your maximum heart rate. An aerobically fit individual can work longer, more vigorously and achieve a quicker recovery at the end of the aerobic session. Jogging, cycling, swimming, aerobics classes, and rowing are examples of aerobic exercise. Anaerobic Exercise – working at higher than 85% of your maximum heart rate. It involves short bursts of exertion followed by periods of rest. Anaerobic means in the absence of oxygen. In other words, it is the burning of glucose, by the body, without the use of oxygen. Weight training and sprinting are examples of anaerobic exercise. Plyometrics – Exercises characterized by the application of a quick muscle stretch followed by rapid muscle shortening enabling muscle(s) to achieve maximal rates of force development. They are intended to improve reactive/explosive muscle performance. Circuit Training – selected weight-training exercises performed one after another in an exercise sequence, usually using lighter weights and short periods of rest. Flexibility – the total range of motion in a joint or joints. Strength – a muscle(s) ability to generate force. It is usually measured with a one repetition maximum. Resistance Training – the use of external force to build up the body’s ability to exert muscular force. AKA – weight or strength training. Endurance – the ability of muscle(s) to contract repeatedly and resist fatigue. Core Strength – a multi-joint exercise, involving larger muscle groups such as the chest, back, hip/thigh, and shoulder muscles. Core exercises should receive priority because of their direct application to a sport. Cross Training – the use of more than one type of exercise to achieve your training goals. Periodization – according to the American College of Sports Medicine, periodized training is planned variation in the total amount of exercise performed in a given period of time (intensity and volume of exercise). All periodization terminology describes either a certain type of training, a certain portion of a training cycle, or a certain length of time within a training cycle. Proprioception – the body’s ability to sense where it is in space. For example, close your eyes and touch your nose. How were you able to move your finger to your nose without seeing it? Your body uses its sensory system in the joints and muscles to know where it is going. Balance and coordination both depend on your body’s proprioceptive skills. Pilates – a series of non-impact exercises designed by Joseph Pilates to develop strength, flexibility, and balance. Bosu Ball – an exercise ball that’s been cut in half with a platform on the bottom. Exercise Ball – a large rubber ball 55 to 85+ centimeters in diameter used for strength, balance, and flexibility exercise. AKA therapy ball or Swiss ball. Medicine Ball – weight balls (4-12 inches in diameter) used for resistance or plyometric training. Dumbbell – Weights used for exercising consisting of a handle with either detachable metal plates or fixed weights at each end. Barbell – Weight used for exercise, consisting of a rigid handle 5-7 feet long, with detachable metal plate that slide on and off the ends. Maximum Heart Rate – the fastest your heart can beat. It is found by taking 220 and subtracting your age. (Max HR = 220 – age) Target Heart Rate – your target heart rate is a range you exercise in and should be 60-85% of your maximum heart rate. – (220 – age) x 60% = bottom end of Target Heart Range – (220 – age) x 85% = top end of Target Heart Range – Exercise is considered aerobic if performed within this range. Warm Up – a five to eight minute period of gradual exercise (involving the larger muscles of the body) to increase circulation and decrease joint stiffness, in preparation for exercise of a greater intensity. Cross Training Before you start any exercise program, consult your therapist and physician. Cross Training – You may have heard the term in the gym, know of athletes that cross train, or you may even be wearing cross-training shoes. The simple definition of cross training is the use of more than one type of exercise to achieve your training goals. For example, you may want to improve your vertical jump to better your basketball skills. To improve your jump, your therapist could show you some cross training exercises. We might have you do some leg press weight training and plyometric jumps. In this example, we are using two different types of exercise to help you achieve your goal – to jump higher. But why should you cross train? The answers are that the body gets real good at the specific exercise(s) we perform. This is called specificity of training. If you do wrist curls every day you’ll get real good at wrist curls but your chest muscles won’t get any stronger. Or, if you cycle all day you will be a good cyclist but not nearly as good at swimming. Cross training stresses the muscles with a variety of exercises. It prepares the body for the myriad of stresses that you experience each day. If you cross train, you’ll develop better strength, endurance, flexibility, and coordination over a greater variety of challenges and movements. Secondly, cross training works all three types of muscle fibers. The slow twitch, endurance muscle fibers and the both types of fast twitch fibers benefit from cross training. Finally, cross training keeps you psychologically interested in training. You’re not doing the same thing every day when you cross train. It is hard to stick to an exercise program. However, with proper instruction and motivation and a good cross training program, you’ll be on your way to success. Cross training can be performed with a variety of resistance exercises or a variety of aerobic exercises. Here is an aerobic cross training sample for you. Day 1 Walk on the treadmill 10 minutes. Stationary cycle 10 minutes. Rowing Machine 10 minutes Day 2 Jogging on the treadmill 10 minutes. Cross trainer machine 10 minutes. Stair stepper 10 minutes Day 3 Swim 20 minutes. Rollerblade 20 minutes Day 4 Walk 20 minutes. Climb stairs 20 minutes If you want a good cross training program. Just give us a call. We would be happy to put something together for you. Exerise Questions Can the exercises be overdone? Sure-if your pain increases (as a general rule, you shouldn’t have pain for more than 10 minutes after you exercise), range of motion decreases, or your function becomes increasingly limited, you are overdoing it. How far should I stretch into pain? When performing a stretch, you should stretch to the point of pain unless otherwise instructed by your therapist. Stretching through pain rarely is helpful. How long will it take for me to recover from my problem? It depends on your diagnosis, the severity of your problem, and how long you’ve had your problem. Your therapist will give you an estimated time frame for recovery. When should I increase the weight with an exercise? Ask your therapist. Generally, if the resistance feels light and you can easily do 20-30 reps straight, add weight. How many times should I repeat an exercise? Repeating an exercise movement 10-15 times (also called 10-15 repetitions) is adequate to stimulate healing and neuromuscular reeducation. Physiological muscle hypertrophy (gaining muscle mass) is typically accomplished with 3 sets of 6-8 reps and working to failure (the point at which you couldn’t do a 9th rep for example). Hypertrophy is not the typical goal of rehabilitation exercises. How can I tell if I am making progress? Progress is typically determined by your symptoms and level of function. If your pain is decreasing, range of motion is improving, it is easier to lift something, put on a shirt, sleep on your shoulder, etc. These would be signs of improvement. What should I do if I am not improving? If you are not improving, contact to your therapist. He/she will have additional recommendations. Do I perform all of my exercises-one after the other? The exercises are typically done one right after the other and the order does not matter. Your therapist may have specific instructions for you. Before you start any of our exercise programs, consult your therapist. If you are having trouble viewing these PDF files, please download the latest version of Adobe Reader. Available Programs: Neck Neck Stretching Exercises Neck Stretching Exercises – Advanced Isometric Neck Strengthening Scapulo-thoracic (Middle Back) Middle Back Stretching Program Middle Back Strengthening Program Middle Back Strengthening with Resistive Bands Middle Back Strengthening with Therapeutic Ball Shoulder Codman’s Pendulum Exercises Rotator Cuff Strengthening Program Rotator Cuff Strengthening with Resistive Bands General Shoulder Strengthening Program General Shoulder Stretching Program Frozen Shoulder Stretching Program Posture Postural Stretching Program Postural Strengthening Abdominal Abdominal Strengthening Advanced Abdominal Strengthening Abdominal Strengthening with Therapeutic Ball Low Back Stretch and Strengthen Low Back Strengthening Low Back Stenosis Program Lumbar Stabilization Program Sub-Acute Low Back Pain Program Hip Hip Range of Motion Hip Strengthening Program Knee Knee Range of Motion Program Kneecap Pain Program Advanced Knee Strengthening Program Thigh Strengthening with Therapeutic Ball Adductor Stretches/Strengthening TFL/ITB Stretches Quadricep Stretches Hamstring Stretches Hip Flexor Stretch Forearm/Wrist Tennis Elbow Program Golfer’s Elbow Program Carpal Tunnel Tendon Gliding Ankle Standing Calf Stretching Ankle Range of Motion Plantar Fasciitis Program Ankle Sprain Program Achilles Tendinosis Program Sports Specific Program Throwing Strength Program Golf Stretching Program Golf Strengthening Program Skiing Preparation Program Workstation Programs Workstation Stretches ## FAQ https://rehabsolutionspt.com/faq/ Updated: 2024-08-13 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Click On A Question To View The Answer WHAT HAPPENS DURING MY FIRST VISIT? During your first visit you can expect the following: Arrive at your appointment with your paperwork completed (you can download it from our website – see the paperwork or forms link). You will provide us with your referral for physical therapy if you have one. If you don’t have a referral, let us know when you schedule your first visit with us (note – a referral is not always needed). We will copy your insurance card. You will be seen for the initial evaluation by the therapist. The therapist will discuss the following: Your medical history. Your current problems/complaints. Pain intensity, what aggravates and eases the problem. How this is impacting your daily activities or your functional limitations. Your goals with physical therapy. Medications, tests, and procedures related to your health. The therapist will then perform the objective evaluation which may include some of the following: Palpation – touching around the area of the pain/problem. This is done to check for the presence of tenderness, swelling, soft tissue integrity, tissue temperature, inflammation, etc. Range of Motion (ROM) – the therapist will move the joint(s) to check for the quality of movement and any restrictions. Muscle Testing – the therapist may check for strength and the quality of the muscle contraction. Pain and weakness may be noted. Often the muscle strength is graded. This is also part of a neurological screening. Neurological Screening – the therapist may check to see how the nerves are communicating with the muscles, sensing touch, pain, vibration, or temperature. Reflexes may be assessed as well. Special Tests – the therapist may perform special tests to confirm/rule out the presence of additional problems. Posture Assessment – the positions of joints relative to ideal and each other may be assessed. The therapist will then formulate a list of problems you are having, and how to treat those problems. A plan is subsequently developed with the patient’s input. This includes how many times you should see the therapist per week, how many weeks you will need therapy, home programs, patient education, short-term/long-term goals, and what is expected after discharge from therapy. This plan is created with input from you, your therapist, and your doctor. WHAT DO I NEED TO BRING WITH ME? Make sure you bring your physical therapy referral (provided to you by your doctor) and your payment information. If your insurance is covering the cost of physical therapy, bring your insurance card. If you are covered by Workers’ Compensation, bring your claim number and your case manager’s contact information. If you are covered by auto insurance or an attorney lien, make sure you bring this information. HOW SHOULD I DRESS? You should wear loose-fitting clothing to expose the area that we will be evaluating and treating. For example, if you have a knee problem, it is best to wear shorts. For a shoulder problem, a tank top is a good choice. For low back problems, wear a loose-fitting shirt and pants, again so we can perform a thorough examination. HOW LONG WILL EACH TREATMENT LAST? Treatment sessions typically last 30 to 60 minutes per visit. HOW MANY VISITS WILL I NEED? This is highly variable. You may need one visit or you may need months of care. It depends on your diagnosis, the severity of your impairments, your past medical history, etc. You will be re-evaluated on a monthly basis and when you see your doctor, we will provide you with a progress report with our recommendations. WHY IS PHYSICAL THERAPY A GOOD CHOICE? More than half of all Americans are suffering from pain. Whether it is a recent episode or chronic, an ABC News/Stanford study revealed that pain in America is a serious problem. However, many do not even know that physical therapists are well equipped to not only treat pain but also its source.Physical therapists are experts at treating movement and neuro-musculoskeletal disorders. Pain often accompanies a movement disorder, and physical therapists can help correct the disorder and relieve the pain. WHAT DO PHYSICAL THERAPISTS DO? You have probably heard of the profession of physical therapy. Maybe you have spoken with a friend about how physical therapy helped get rid of their back pain, or you might know someone who needed physical therapy after an injury. You might even have been treated by a physical therapist yourself. But have you ever wondered about physical therapists–who they are and what they do? Many people are familiar with physical therapists’ work helping patients with orthopedic problems, such as low back pain or knee surgeries, reduce pain and regain function. Others may be aware of the treatment that physical therapists provide to assist patients recovering from a stroke (e.g., assisting them with recovering using their limbs and walking again).The ability to maintain an upright posture and to move your arms and legs to perform all sorts of tasks and activities is an important component of your health. Most of us can learn to live with the various medical conditions that we may develop, but only if we can continue at our jobs, take care of our families, and enjoy important occasions with family and friends. All of these activities require the ability to move without difficulty or pain.Because physical therapists are experts in movement and function, they do not confine their talents to treating people who are ill. Preventing injury, loss of movement, and even surgery is a large part of a physical therapist’s program. Physical therapists work as consultants in industrial settings to improve the design of the workplace and reduce the risk of workers overusing certain muscles or developing low back pain. They also provide sports therapy and sports performance services for athletes of all levels to screen for potential problems and institute preventive exercise programs. With the boom in the golf and fitness industries, several physical therapists provide consulting services for recreational golfers and fitness clubs to develop safe and effective workouts, especially for people who already know that they have a problem with their joints or backs.The cornerstones of physical therapy treatment are therapeutic exercise and functional training. In addition to “hands-on” care, physical therapists also educate patients to take care of themselves and perform certain exercises independently. Depending on the particular needs, physical therapists may also “mobilize” a joint (that is, perform certain types of movements at the end of your range of motion) or massage a muscle to promote proper movement and function. Physical therapists also use methods such as ultrasound (which uses high-frequency waves to produce heat), hot packs, and ice.Although other practitioners may offer some of these treatments as “physical therapy,” only qualified physical therapists or physical therapist assistants who must complete a 2-year education program and work only under the direction and supervision of physical therapists can provide physical therapy.Your insurance will cover most forms of physical therapy treatment, but the coverage will vary with each plan. All 50 states offer direct access to physical therapy, which means that patients are not necessarily required to see their physicians before seeing a physical therapist. In many cases, all you have to do is ask your doctor if physical therapy is right for you. Contact us for more information on direct access.Reference: APTA WHY ARE PEOPLE REFERRED TO PHYSICAL THERAPY? Your doctor may refer you to physical therapy because of a movement dysfunction associated with pain. Your difficulty with moving part(s) of your body (like bending at the low back or difficulty sleeping on your shoulder, etc.) very likely results in limitations with your daily activities (e.g., difficulty getting out of a chair, an inability to play sports, or trouble with walking, etc.). Physical therapists treat these movement dysfunctions and their associated pains and restore your body’s ability to move in normally. WHY SHOULD I CHOOSE A PRIVATE PRACTICE PHYSICAL THERAPIST? Who is better to see, a PT that works for a physician or a PT that owns a private practice? We leave it up to you to draw your own conclusions but here are some facts. The studies indicate there were more treatments (visits per patient were 39% to 45% higher in physician owned clinics) and the cost was greater for those patients that attended a physician owned physical therapy practice (both gross and net revenue per patient were 30% to 40% higher)1.Another study indicated that licensed and non-licensed therapy providers spent less time with each patient in physician owned clinics and physical therapy assistants were substituted for physical therapists.2Another older study concluded that “Therapists who had treated patients through direct access were significantly more likely to believe that direct access had benefited them professionally and benefited their patients than were therapists who had not practiced through direct access.”3We believe that we can provide you with the highest quality of care available and do it in a cost-effective manner.4 You will work closely with your physical therapist and in most instances, your case will be managed by the same physical therapist from the beginning to the end of your experience with us.Mitchell, J., Scott, E., Physician Ownership of Physical Therapy Services: Effects on Charges, Utilization, Profits, and Service Characteristics, Journal of the American Medical Association, 1992.“Joint Ventures Among Health Care Providers in Florida,” State of Florida Health Care Cost Containment Board, 1991.Domholdt E, Durchholz AG. Direct access use by experienced therapists in states with direct access. Phys Ther. 1992 Aug;72(8):569-74.Federal Office of the Inspector General May 1, 2006 – This report calls into question billing processes done by non-physical therapist owned practices. WHO PAYS FOR THE TREATMENT? In most cases, health insurance will cover your treatment. Click on our insurance link above for a summary of insurances we accept and make sure you talk to our receptionist so we can help you clarify your insurance coverage. WHO WILL SEE ME? You will be evaluated by one of our licensed and highly trained physical therapists and he/she will also treat you during subsequent visits. Unlike some clinics, where you see someone different each visit, we feel it is very important to develop a one-on-one relationship with you to maintain continuity of care. Since only one physical therapist knows your problems best, he/she is the one that will be working closely with you to speed your recovery. ARE THERE PHYSICAL THERAPY SPECIALISTS? Orthopedic Physical Therapy – Probably the most common physical therapy specialist is the orthopedic specialist. These specialists care for post-surgical patients, arthritis, tendinitis/tendinosis, fracture rehabilitation, muscle sprains and strains, neck and back pain, hip and knee problems, shoulder, elbow, and wrist conditions. Some are board certified as Orthopedic Certified Specialists (OCS).Manual Therapy – Manual therapy is a broad term that describes a variety of hands-on treatment techniques that are applied to movement dysfunctions. Grade five mobilizations, Mulligan mobilizations with movement, Maitland and Kaltenborn techniques, functional technique, neural mobilization, joint mobilization, craniosacral therapy, strain/counter strain, myofascial release, etc. These are some of the more popular manual therapy techniques. Many manual therapists will take continuing education courses, obtain certifications in manual therapy, and will sit for board certification from the American Physical Therapy Association and other organizations. Most physical therapists incorporate manual therapy techniques as a part of a complete treatment plan.Geriatric Physical Therapy – Some therapists specialize in the rehabilitation of seniors. As the body ages, a variety of challenges arise. We stiffen, we lose strength, our balance skills decline, our bones become brittle (osteoporosis), our endurance decreases, and we take longer to recover from injuries. Balance and fall prevention are of paramount importance to the therapist who is working with seniors and some clinics are solely dedicated to caring for those with balance problems. Most physical therapists work with seniors/geriatric patients. Some have obtained additional education, have passed a board examination, and have earned the Geriatric Certified Specialist (GCS) title.Sports Rehabilitation – Experts in assisting with recovery after injury and surgery. Many sports specialists help with retraining the athlete utilizing running, throwing, jumping, and sport-specific programs to name a few. A therapist with the Sports Certified Specialist (SCS) title has passed a board-certified test.Fitness and Wellness – Physical therapists are well trained to help with your fitness needs and wellness programs. If you need an exercise program, have trouble with your weight, are concerned about osteoporosis, have an issue with diabetes, or would like to learn how to prevent falls, physical therapists can help. The previous examples are just a few of the many programs physical therapists offer.Hand Therapy – Most physical therapists are well trained to treat hand and wrist conditions. Some therapists have taken additional courses and training and have passed a hand therapy certification examination. These therapists are called Certified Hand Therapists (CHTs).Women’s Health – Some therapists specialize in women’s issues such as pregnancy problems, pelvic pain, and incontinence. Special treatment is available for women who have these problems. Many that suffer from incontinence do so needlessly. A physical therapist may be able to help.Industrial Rehabilitation – Specialists in industrial rehabilitation help with those that have suffered on-the-job injuries. Moreover, they will evaluate work tasks, fabricate assistive devices, evaluate your ergonomic situation, and help redesign workflow/tasks to decrease the incidence of injury. Often, industrial rehabilitation specialists will evaluate your ability to perform certain job tasks with a Functional Capacity Evaluation (FCE).Pediatric Physical Therapy – Pediatric therapists specialize in the rehabilitation of children. They may assist with kids who suffer from cerebral palsy, developmental disorders, neurological disorders, and/or orthopedic problems. A Pediatric Certified Specialist (PCS) is a board certification that some may obtain from the American Physical Therapy Association.Aquatic Physical Therapy – Aquatic therapy takes advantage of the physical properties of water to assist with the rehabilitative process. Buoyancy, turbulence, hydrostatic pressure, and thermal properties of water can assist with the rehabilitation of a patient. Those suffering from chronic pain, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, lumbar fusion surgery, or with a limited weight-bearing status are just a few of the many different patient populations that can benefit from aquatic therapy.Cardiac and Pulmonary Rehabilitation – A small percentage of physical therapists practice in this discipline. Those that pass the board certification have the title of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Certified Specialist (CCS) work with patients who have had heart attacks, bypass surgeries, angioplasty, breathing problems, emphysema, and other heart/lung related conditions. Physical therapists are well equipped to work with these types of patients because many of them have orthopedic ailments that limit their ability to function. In other words, a physical therapist can address the heart and lung problems as well as the muscle problems that are concurrently present.Neurological, Spinal Cord Injury, and Traumatic Brain Injury Rehab – A large portion of physical therapists work with patients who suffer from these conditions. Functional retraining including, walking, wheelchair use, getting in and out of bed or chairs (transfer training), moving in bed (bed mobility), and retraining patients to use their shoulders, arms, and hands are just some of the services these therapists provide to those with neurological involvement. A certified specialist holds a Neurologic Certified Specialist title (NCS).Balance, Dizziness, and Vertigo Rehabilitation – Many suffer from dizziness or BPPV (benign paroxysmal positional vertigo). Some clinics specialize in the rehabilitation of patients with vertigo. Patient education, strengthening, safety awareness, posture and balance exercise, walking exercise, and special techniques that affect sensory and balance centers of the brain and limbs are all important components of a rehabilitation program.Amputee Rehabilitation – many physical therapists specialize in the rehabilitation of amputees. Caring for the injured limb, functional and walking training, training in the use of assistive devices (crutches, canes, prosthetic limbs, etc.) are all provided by a therapist who specializes in care for amputees.Wound Care – Some therapists specialize in the treatment and care of wounds. This is accomplished by the removal of unviable tissue (debridement), the application of special dressings and prescription drugs/ointments, and the use of ultrasound, electrical stimulation, and aquatic modalities to promote healing. Exercise and patient education are also routine components of a wound care program.ECS (Clinical Electrophysiologic Certified Specialist) – A physical therapist who is board certified to perform electroneurophysiology examinations such as nerve conduction studies and electromyography.Lymphedema Rehabilitation – We take it for granted but a special component of the circulatory system, the lymph system, helps filter and drain fluid from our arms and legs. When this drainage system is damaged, painful swelling can result. Some therapists specialize in the treatment of lymphedema as it is called. Special positioning, massage and bandaging techniques are utilized by the lymphedema specialist.Osteoporosis Rehabilitation and Prevention – Some practitioners specialize in the evaluation and treatment of osteoporosis patients. Working in concert with your medical doctor, the therapist will often design a specialized weight-bearing and resistance training program for those with this silent disease. IS PHYSICAL THERAPY PAINFUL? For many patients, one of the primary objectives is pain relief. This is frequently accomplished with hands-on techniques, modalities such as ultrasound, electrical stimulation, and/or heat or cold therapy. Movement often provides pain relief as well. Your physical therapist will provide you with the appropriate exercises not only for pain relief but to recover range of motion, strength, and endurance.In some cases, physical therapy techniques can be painful. For example, recovering knee range of motion after total knee replacement or shoulder range of motion after shoulder surgery may be painful. Your physical therapist will utilize a variety of techniques to help maximize your treatment goals. It is important that you communicate the intensity, frequency, and duration of pain to your therapist. Without this information, it is difficult for the therapist to adjust your treatment plan. WHAT TYPES OF TREATMENTS WILL I RECEIVE? There are dozens of different types of treatment interventions. Here is a list of treatment interventions:Active Range of Motion (AROM) – the patient lifts or moves a body part through range of motion against gravity. AROM is usually one of the first modalities prescribed for arthritis.Active Assistive Range of Motion (AAROM) – therapist-assisted active range of motion. This is usually prescribed for gentle stretching or strengthening for a very weak body part.Stationary Bicycle – with or without resistance. This is usually prescribed for improving the strength and/or range of motion of the back or lower extremities as well as cardiovascular endurance.Gait or Walking Training – the analysis of walking problems by visually examining the interaction of the low back and the joints of the thighs, legs, and feet during the various stages of walking, including initial contact, loading response, mid stance, terminal stance, pre swing, mid swing, and terminal swing. Many back, thigh, leg, ankle, and foot problems may be caused by or manifest themselves in subtle gait abnormalities.Isometrics – muscle contraction without joint movement. This is usually prescribed for strengthening without stressing or damaging the joint (e.g., arthritis, or exercises to be performed in a cast, or right after surgery if recommended by the therapist/doctor).Isotonics– muscle(s) contracting through the ROM with resistance. This is usually prescribed for strengthening.Soft Tissue Mobilization – therapeutic massage of body tissue performed with the hands. Soft tissue mobilization may be used for muscle relaxation, to decrease swelling, to decrease scar tissue adhesions, and for pain relief.Mobilization – hands-on therapeutic procedures intended to increase soft tissue or joint mobility. Mobilization is usually prescribed to increase mobility, delaying progressive stiffness, and to relieve pain. There are many types of mobilization techniques including Maitland, Kaltenborn, Isometric Mobilizations, etc.Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) – a system of manually resisted exercises performed in diagonal patterns that mimic functional movements. PNF was initially used in developmentally and neurologically impaired patients but now is used in almost every aspect of neuromuscular retraining from athletes in sports facilities to the very weak in hospitals and nursing homes.Posture Training – instruction in the correct biomechanical alignment of the body to reduce undue strain on muscles, joints, ligaments, discs, and other soft tissues. There is an ideal posture, but most people do not have ideal posture. Therapists educate patients about the importance of improving posture with daily activities. Stretching and strengthening exercises may be prescribed to facilitate postural improvement and to prevent further disability and future recurrences of problems.Progressive Resistive Exercises (PRE) – exercises that gradually increase in resistance (weights) and in repetitions. PRE is usually prescribed for reeducation of muscles and strengthening. Weights, rubber bands, and body weight can be used as resistance.Passive Range of Motion (PROM) – the patient or therapist moves the body part through a range of motion without the use of the muscles that “actively” move the joint(s).Stretching/Flexibility Exercise – exercise designed to lengthen muscle(s) or soft tissue. Stretching exercises are usually prescribed to improve the flexibility of muscles that have tightened due to disuse or in compensation to pain, spasm or immobilization.Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy – used to cause vasoconstriction (the blood vessels constrict or decrease their diameter) to reduce the amount of fluid that leaks out of the capillaries into the tissue spaces (swelling) in response to injury of tissue. Ice or cold is used most frequently in acute injuries, but also an effective pain reliever for even the most chronic pain.Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) – the application of electrical stimulation to aid in improving strength (e.g., the quadriceps muscle after knee surgery or injury). NMES is also used to decrease pain and swelling and to relieve muscle spasm.Neck Traction – a gentle longitudinal/axial pull on the neck, either manual or mechanical, intermittent or continuous for relief of neck pain, to decrease muscle spasm and facilitate unloading of the spine.Heat – heat is recommended to decrease chronic pain, relax muscles, and for pain relief. It should not be used with an acute or “new” injury.Iontophoresis – medications are propelled through the skin by an electrical charge. This modality works on the physical concept that like charges repel each other, therefore, a positively charged medication will be repelled through the skin to the underlying tissues by the positively charged pad of an iontophoresis machine. Iontophoresis is usually prescribed for injuries such as shoulder or elbow bursitis.Pelvic Traction – the longitudinal/axial pull on the lumbar spine, either manual or mechanical, intermittent or continuous. Pelvic traction may be helpful for the relief of low back pain and muscle spasm.Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) – a relatively low voltage applied over painful areas through small self-adhesive electrodes. The electrical stimulation “disguises” or “overrides” the sensation of pain. It is a small, portable unit, used in intervals, to control pain and reduce dependence on drugs. It is usually prescribed for relief of pain.Ultrasound – ultrasound uses a high frequency sound wave emitted from the sound head when electricity is passed through a quartz crystal. The sound waves cause the vibration of water molecules deep within tissue causing a heating effect. When the sound waves are pulsed, they cause a vibration of the tissue rather than heating. The stream of sound waves helps with nutrition exchange at the cellular level and healing. Studies have shown that ultrasound is helpful for ligament healing and clinically, for carpal tunnel syndrome, and muscle spasm.Whirlpool – immersion of a body part into water with small “agitators” to provide a gentle massaging motion. A warm whirlpool provides relief from pain and muscle spasm and is often preparatory to stretching or exercise. Cold whirlpool is used to decrease inflammation and swelling. WILL I GET A MASSAGE AT PHYSICAL THERAPY? Massage may be part of your treatment. Rehabilitation specialists are trained in a variety of techniques that may help with your recovery. Deep tissue techniques may be part of the rehabilitative process. Massage is used for three reasons typically – to facilitate venous return from a swollen area, to relax a tight muscle, or to relieve pain. Contrary to common thought, massage does not increase circulation. WHAT HAPPENS IF MY PROBLEM OR PAIN RETURNS? Flare ups are not uncommon. If you have a flare up (exacerbation), give us a call. We may suggest you come back to see us, return to your doctor, or simply modify your daily activities or exercise routine. CAN I GO TO ANY PHYSICAL THERAPY CLINIC? In most cases, you have the right to choose any physical therapy clinic. Our practice is a provider for many different insurance plans.The best thing to do is give us a call and we will attempt to answer all of your questions. CAN I GO DIRECTLY TO MY PHYSICAL THERAPIST? All fifty states have some form of direct access. In most cases, if you are not making significant improvement within 30 days, the therapist will refer you to/back to your physician.Seeing a physical therapist first is safe and could save you hundreds of dollars or even thousands of dollars. Click here for details CAN MY THERAPIST PROVIDE ME WITH A DIAGNOSIS? In most states, physical therapists cannot make a medical diagnosis. This is something that your medical doctor will provide for you.Physical therapists are important members of your medical team. At this point in time, physicians are typically the health care providers that will provide you with a medical diagnosis. HOW DOES THE BILLING PROCESS WORK? Billing for physical therapy services is similar to what happens at your doctor’s office. When you are seen for treatment, the following occurs:The physical therapist bills your insurance company, Workers’ Comp, or charges you based on Common Procedure Terminology (CPT) codes.Those codes are transferred to a billing form that is either mailed or electronically communicated to the payer.The payer processes this information and makes payments according to an agreed upon fee schedule.An Explanation of Benefits (EOB) is generated and sent to the patient and the physical therapy clinic with a check for payment and a balance due by the patient.The patient is expected to make the payment on the balance if any.It is important to understand that there are many small steps (beyond the outline provided above) within the process. Exceptions are common to the above example as well. At any time along the way, information may be missing, miscommunicated, or misunderstood. This can delay the payment process. While it is common for the payment process to be completed in 60 days or less, it is not uncommon for the physical therapy clinic to receive payment as long as six months after the treatment date. WHAT WILL I HAVE TO DO AFTER PHYSICAL THERAPY? Some patients will need to continue with home exercises. Some may choose to continue with a gym exercise program. Others will complete their rehabilitation and return to normal daily activities. It is important that you communicate your goals to your therapist, so he/she can develop a custom program for you. IS MY THERAPIST LICENSED? Physical therapists (PTs) and physical therapist assistants (PTAs) are licensed by their respective states. HOW DO I CHOOSE A PHYSICAL THERAPY CLINIC? These are some things you may consider when seeking a physical therapy clinic: The therapist should be licensed in the state. The first visit should include a thorough medical history and physical examination before any treatment is rendered. The patient goals should be discussed in detail during the first visit. Care should include a variety of techniques which might include hands-on techniques, soft tissue work, therapeutic exercises and in some cases heat, cold, electrical stimulation or ultrasound. Do they have a service that can address your problem? Do they take your insurance or are they willing to work with you if they are not a preferred provider? They should be conveniently located. Since sitting and driving often aggravate orthopedic problems, there should be a very good reason for you to drive a long distance for rehabilitation. What are the hours of operation? Can they provide satisfaction survey results? The therapist should provide the treatment. Can you briefly interview the therapist before the first visit? Ask your family and friends who they would recommend. NO SURPRISE ACT NOTICE YOUR RIGHT TO A “GOOD FAITH ESTIMATE”You have the right to receive a “Good Faith Estimate” explaining how much your medical care will cost. Under the law, health care providers need to give patients who don’t have insurance or who are not using insurance an estimate of the bill for medical items and services.You have the right to receive a Good Faith Estimate for the total expected cost of any non-emergency items or services. This includes related costs like medical tests, prescription drugs, equipment, and hospital fees.Make sure your health care provider gives you a Good Faith Estimate in writing at least 1 business day before your medical service or item. You can also ask your healthcare provider, and any other provider you choose, for a Good Faith Estimate before you schedule an item or service.If you receive a bill that is at least $400 more than your Good Faith Estimate, you can dispute the bill.Make sure to save a copy or picture of your Good Faith Estimate.For questions or more information about your right to a Good Faith Estimate, visit www.cms.gov/nosurprises or call our number on our website for more information. WHAT IS YOUR PRIVACY POLICY? Our privacy policy can be read here: Notice of Privacy Practices ## Foot & Ankle https://rehabsolutionspt.com/foot-ankle/ Updated: 2026-09-29 Ankle/Foot Articles Ankle Sprains/Instability Overview Treatment Goals Resources Ankle Sprains/Instability Ankle sprains are a common injury. They usually occur when the foot is forcefully inverted or turned inward. Grade I (minor tear), Grade II (partial tear), or a Grade III (complete tear into two pieces) damage of the outer ligament complex (the anterior talofibular ligament and less often the calcaneofibular ligaments) is the result. Injuries to the inner aspect of the ankle are rare and often result in a fracture before ligamentous damage occurs. Signs and symptoms of an ankle sprain include lateral ankle pain, swelling and a sense of instability. Stress X-rays may be helpful in ruling out fractures. Treatment of an acute injury requires rest, ice, compression, elevation, and bracing of the injured ankle. Early rehabilitation assists in a rapid recovery. Surgery (reconstruction of the ligaments) is only necessary when the ankle is repeatedly sprained. Possible Treatments Ankle Active Range of Motion  Video Ankle Joint Mobilization  Video Ankle Joint Passive Range of Motion  Video Ankle Progressive Resistive Range of Motion  Video Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Plyometrics  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Optimize Joint Alignment Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the calf and foot Ankle Sprain Ankle/Foot from Medline Plus Fractures (Broken Bones) Overview Treatment Goals Fractures (Broken Bones) Fractures may involve the outside or inside of the leg. The signs and symptoms of fractures are pain, swelling and bony deformities. X-rays are essential and rapid “reduction” (setting the bones close together for healing) is necessary. In extreme cases, open surgery is necessary to reduce the fracture. Often pins, plates and screws are used to maintain the reduction.    Possible Treatments Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Physical Agents Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Wound Healing Achilles Tendonitis and Rupture Overview Treatment Goals Resources Achilles Tendonitis and Rupture The Achilles tendon attaches the calf muscle (called the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles) to the heel. Excessive stress or a tight or fatigued calf muscle can result in microtrauma, degeneration, and even inflammation of the tendon- a condition called Achilles Tendonitis/Tendinosis. Prolonged walking, overtraining (excessive running or jumping, or walking hills can cause this condition. Recent research suggests that a gradual onset of pain and prolonged recovery might be due to a similar condition called Achilles tendinosis. Tendinosis is chronic degenerative condition and it differs from tendonitis in that there is no inflammation present. It is probably more common than tendinitis because often times tendon pain is not accompanied by the classic inflammatory signs of swelling, redness, and warmth. Treatment usually consists of rest, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), ice, stretching, strengthening and progressive return to function or sport.   Forceful contraction of the calf muscle may rupture (completely tear) the Achilles tendon. It occurs during jumping, running, and cutting and is often seen in basketball and baseball players. The patient often reports the sensation of having been hit or violently kicked in the lower calf. There is pain and a “divot” in the tendon above the heel. Treatment- non-surgical rehabilitation and surgical repair are viable treatment options. Active people may experience more benefit from surgical repair. Rehabilitation may require six to twelve months of progressive care. Possible Treatments Ankle Active Range of Motion  Video Ankle Joint Mobilization  Video Ankle Joint Passive Range of Motion  Video Ankle Progressive Resistive Range of Motion  Video Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Heat Pack  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Plyometrics  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Wound Healing Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the calf and foot Achilles Tendinitis and Rupture Ankle/Foot from Medline Plus Plantar Fasciitis Overview Treatment Goals Resources Plantar Fasciitis Inflammation of the fascia on the bottom of the foot is the most common cause of heel pain. There are many documented causes of plantar fasciitis. Poor flexibility of the calf muscles, no arch support, a sudden increase in one’s level of activity, poor footwear, being overweight, excessive pronation, or repetitive stress conditions (long distance running). Common causes of a bruised heel bone are poor cushioning of the heel due to fat pad atrophy (shrinkage in the size of the fat pad) poor footwear, excessive walking on hard surfaces, and being overweight. .   Depending on which medical study you read, anywhere form 8-21% of the population suffers from plantar fasciitis. The pain is typically located at the front of the base of the calcaneus. Less often, the pain extends along the arch of the foot. The result is micro-tearing of the plantar fascia where it attaches to the base of the calcaneus. An ensuing inflammatory response occurs producing pain, swelling, warmth, loss of function (difficulty with any standing or walking), and less often, redness. Plantar fasciitis is often worst in the morning when one takes his /her first steps out of bed. Theories propose that when we are sleeping, the inflamed fascia is shortening and perhaps attempting to heal. If the problem is chronic, a bone spur may be seen on x-ray. Currently, we believe that a bone spur is not the cause of the pain but the result of the body’s attempt to heal the damaged plantar fascia. Possible Treatments Ankle Active Range of Motion  Video Ankle Joint Mobilization  Video Ankle Joint Passive Range of Motion  Video Ankle Progressive Resistive Range of Motion  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Iontophoresis Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the calf and foot Ankle/Foot from Medline Plus Plantar Fasciitis Plantar Fasciitis and Running Stress Fractures Overview Treatment Goals Resources Stress Fractures These fractures result from repetitive submaximal loads applied to the foot, ankle, leg; they are usually the result of overuse (in athletes, over-training). They are common in long distance runners and female athletes. Common stress fracture sites include the lower leg (in runners), calcaneus, talus, metatarsals in distance runners, and the big toe.   Pain and point tenderness, often relieved by rest, is typical. X-rays do not always show the fracture. Bone scans and MRI may be useful. Most heal with rest, immobilization and cross training. Avoid high-impact workouts, and wear good shoes. Possible Treatments Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Physical Agents Possible Treatment Goals Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources Ankle/Foot from Medline Plus Hand Fractures Tibialis Posterior Tendonitis Overview Treatment Goals Resources Tibialis Posterior Tendonitis This often occurs in overweight, middle aged women and men as a result of degenerative changes in the tendon. The rupture may be partial or complete with pain below or behind the inside ankle bone (medial malleolus). A flattened arch is common. Anti-inflammatory treatment (physical therapy modalities), orthoses, and surgical debridement are common treatments.    Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the calf and foot Ankle/Foot from Medline Plus Tibialis Posterior Tendonitis ## FOOT AND ANKLE REHAB https://rehabsolutionspt.com/foot-and-ankle-rehab/ Updated: 2026-09-29 FOOT AND ANKLE REHAB Physical therapists (PTs) are experts in the art and science of the evaluation and treatment of human movement dysfunctions. We care for people of all ages and treat a variety of muscle, joint and neurological conditions. Conditions we have successfully treated: Ankle Pain Shin Splints Ankle Sprains Plantar Fasciitis Achilles Tendonitis Excessive Pronation Post Surgical Conditions Tibialis Posterior Tendonitis What are my treatment options? Drugs Corticosteroid Injections Surgery Physical Therapy* Advantages of Physical Therapy: No side effects. Cost-effective. Supported by clinical research*. Customized to treat the underlying cause. Your Recovery Process: Pain Relief Recovery of Mobility or Stability Increased Strength Recovery of Walking and Functional Skills Independent Care Components of Your Care: A thorough biomechanical evaluation. Extensive patient education. A customized treatment plan. Gentle hands-on techniques to relax the muscles. Effective joint mobilization techniques to decrease stiffness. Pain relieving modalities such as ice, heat, ultrasound or electrical stimulation. Targeted stretching for tight muscles. Walking retraining. Balance exercises. Shoe inserts (orthotic recommendations). ## For Physicians https://rehabsolutionspt.com/for-physicians/ Updated: 2026-09-29 For Physicians For MDs Articles Research Material At our practice, we like to provide cutting edge information when possible. Below you will find references to some studies that support and refute various treatment approaches. As the literature is updated, we will make every effort to continue to keep our referring physicians up to date regarding the best evidence in rehabilitation. Low Back Neck Shoulder Knee Hip Foot/Ankle Elbow Exercise, ROM, Misc. Low Back Clinical Prediction Rule for Acute Low Back Pain Click here for abstract Random, Controlled Trial Supporting PT for Spinal Stenosis Click here for abstract Case Studies for Stenosis Click here for abstract Exercise and Low Back Pain Click here for abstract Click here for abstract Little Evidence for Use of Lx Traction as Single Modality for Low-back Pain Without Sciatica Click here for abstract Clinical Prediction Rule for Stabilization Exercises for Low Back Pain Patients Click here for abstract Click here for abstract Myth that Acute Low Back Pain is Self Limiting Click here for abstract Post Surgical Rehab for Discectomy Click here for abstract Classification Based Physical Therapy for Low Back Pain Patients Click here for abstract Rehabilitation as an Alternative for Lumbar Fusion Click here for abstract Neck Examination of a clinical prediction rule to identify patients with neck pain likely to benefit from thoracic spine thrust manipulation and a general cervical range of motion exercise: multi-center randomized clinical trial. Click here for abstract Preliminary examination of a proposed treatment-based classification system for patients receiving physical therapy interventions for neck pain. Click here for abstract Immediate effects of thoracic manipulation in patients with neck pain: a randomized clinical trial. Predictors of short-term outcome in people with a clinical diagnosis of cervical radiculopathy. Click here for abstract Short-term effects of thrust versus nonthrust mobilization/manipulation directed at the thoracic spine in patients with neck pain: a randomized clinical trial. Click here for abstract Neck pain with referral and Joint Mobilization Click here for abstract Cervical Radiculopathy and Cervical Traction Click here for abstract Mobilization and Manipulation – a Cochrane Review Click here for abstract Exercise for Patients with Chronic Neck Pain Click here for abstract Active Treatment better than home exercise or advice Click here for abstract Shoulder Exercise and Joint Mobilization Improves Outcomes in Frozen Shoulder Patients; Modality Use Results in Inferior Outcomes Click here for abstract Exercise Therapy for Shoulder Pain Click here for abstract Exercise as an alternative to shoulder decompression surgery Click here for abstract Knee Patellofemoral Pain and PT Click here for abstract Click here for abstract Patellofemoral Pain – Importance of Evaluating the Lower Extremity Click here for abstract Quadriceps Strengthening Post TKA Click here for abstract Joint Mob and OA Click here for abstract Eccentric Loading of Jumper’s Knee Click here for abstract Supervised PT post menisectomy might be helpful or might not Click here for abstract Sports Performance Training and ACL Injury Prevention Click here for abstract Hip Joint Mobilization and Hip OA Click here for abstract Strengthening Post THA Click here for abstract Foot/Ankle Ankle Sprains – Literature Review Click here for abstract Plantar Fasciitis and Orthotics Click here for abstract Plantar Fasciitis and Stretching Click here for abstract Achilles Tendinosis and Eccentric Loading Click here for abstract Elbow Use of conservative and sport-specific management strategies for a baseball pitcher with persistent elbow pain. Click here for abstract Rehabilitation of the thrower’s elbow. Click here for abstract Manipulation of the wrist for management of lateral epicondylitis: a randomized pilot study. Click here for abstract Exercise, ROM, Misc. Exercise Therapy and Osteoarthritis/Manual Therapy Click here for abstract Best-Evidence Summary for the Use of Exercise Therapy Click here for abstract Interventions For Improvement of ROM Click here for abstract PTs’ Knowledge in Managing Musculoskeletal Conditions Click here for abstract Exercise Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis Click here for abstract ## Hip https://rehabsolutionspt.com/hip/ Updated: 2026-09-29 Hip Articles Quadriceps Muscle Strains Overview Treatment Goals Resources Quadriceps Muscle Strains This injury is commonly the result of quick sprints or quick stops while running. With a muscle strain, there is localized tenderness or a “bulge” in the tender area of the thigh. The pain is aggravated by lifting the thigh (a straight leg raise), ascending/descending stairs, or getting up from a seated position. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Heat Pack  Video Hip Active Range of Motion  Video Hip Joint Mobilization  Video Hip Passive Range of Motion  Video Hip Resistive Range of Motion  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the hip and pelvis Quadriceps Tendon Rupture Overview Treatment Goals Resources Quadriceps Tendon Rupture This injury is often the result of forceful kicking or a traumatic impact to the tendon, which may occur with a fall. Signs and symptoms include pain and bruising just above the kneecap, an inability to walk, and severe weakness of the quadriceps (making it impossible to ascend/descend stairs). Surgical repair is necessary. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Hip Active Range of Motion  Video Hip Joint Mobilization  Video Hip Passive Range of Motion  Video Hip Resistive Range of Motion  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Improve Wound Healing Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the Knee Groin Strain (Adductor Strain) Overview Treatment Goals Resources Groin Strain (Adductor Strain) This injury usually occurs in sports where cutting, side-stepping, or pivoting are required. Often, there is forceful separation of the legs or twisting of the toe outward. Signs and symptoms include pain and tenderness in the inner thigh region. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Hip Active Range of Motion  Video Hip Joint Mobilization  Video Hip Passive Range of Motion  Video Hip Resistive Range of Motion  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Plyometrics  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the hip and pelvis Hip Pointer Overview Treatment Goals Resources Hip Pointer Hip pointers are the result of a direct blow to the iliac crest in sports such as football, rugby, and soccer. Signs and symptoms include pain, bruising, and tenderness at the bony prominence at the side of the hip. Treatment usually involves rest, ice, and compression. Possible Treatments Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Hip Active Range of Motion  Video Hip Joint Mobilization  Video Hip Passive Range of Motion  Video Hip Resistive Range of Motion  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the hip and pelvis Hip Info from Medline Plus Trochanteric Bursitis Overview Treatment Goals Resources Trochanteric Bursitis A bursa is a fluid-filled sack that decreases shear forces between tissues of the body. Trochanteric bursitis (inflammation of a bursa) is caused by excessive stress on the bursa between the IT Band and the greater trochanter. Signs and symptoms include pain over the outer aspect of the hipbone, which often is exacerbated when lying on the affected side, standing on the affected leg, or excessive walking. Treatment often includes rest, ice, and compression, physical therapy including stretching and progressive strengthening, and steroid injection may be helpful.     Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Hip Active Range of Motion  Video Hip Joint Mobilization  Video Hip Passive Range of Motion  Video Hip Resistive Range of Motion  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Iontophoresis Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources Hip/Trochanteric Bursitis Hamstring Strains Overview Treatment Goals Resources Hamstring Strains A strain is a minor tear of a muscle. Quick acceleration while running or cutting is most often the cause of hamstrings strains. A minor pulling or a pop may be noted in the back of the thigh. Pain, swelling, and an inability to run result. Treatment includes rest, ice, compression, elevation, and physical therapy.      Possible Treatments Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Heat Pack  Video Hip Active Range of Motion  Video Hip Joint Mobilization  Video Hip Passive Range of Motion  Video Hip Resistive Range of Motion  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Plyometrics  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the hip and pelvis Femoral Neck Fracture Overview Treatment Goals Resources Femoral Neck Fracture A bad fall or blow to the hip can break (fracture) the thigh bone typically around the femoral neck region. If the broken bone does not heal properly, the joint may slowly wear down. Blood flow through the femoral head may be restricted or cut off leading to the necrosis of the joint.    Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Hip Active Range of Motion  Video Hip Joint Mobilization  Video Hip Passive Range of Motion  Video Hip Resistive Range of Motion  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents   Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Wound Healing Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the hip and pelvis Hip Info from Medline Plus Osteoarthritis of Guide Avascular Necrosis of the Hip Overview Treatment Goals Resources Avascular Necrosis of the Hip Avascular necrosis means bone death due to a lack of blood supply. A disrupted blood supply occurs when there is a fracture, dislocation, or repetitive trauma to the neck of the femur. Signs and symptoms include pain, limitation of movement and pain with walking. X-rays, MRI, or a bone scan may be helpful in diagnosing this disorder. Surgical decompression or total hip replacement may be necessary.    Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Hip Active Range of Motion  Video Hip Joint Mobilization  Video Hip Passive Range of Motion  Video Hip Resistive Range of Motion  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Improve Proprioception Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the hip and pelvis Hip Info from Medline Plus Osteoarthritis of Guide Hip Osteoarthritis Overview Treatment Goals Resources Hip Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis of the hip occurs when the cartilage coverings on ball (the head of the femur) and the socket (the acetabulum) wear out. It is worse when you bear weight on the affected limb. Range of motion is often limited especially internal rotation and hip flexion. Recent studies have demonstrated that joint mobilization and stretching can result in significant pain relief.      Possible Treatments Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Heat Pack  Video Hip Active Range of Motion  Video Hip Joint Mobilization  Video Hip Passive Range of Motion  Video Hip Resistive Range of Motion  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Improve Fitness Improve Function Optimize Joint Alignment Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Improve Relaxation Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the hip and pelvis Arthritis Foundation Arthritis, Exercise, and Manual Therapy Hip Info from Medline Plus Osteoarthritis of Guide Hip Replacement Overview Treatment Goals Resources Hip Replacement For some osteoarthritic hip joints and femur fractures, the only option is a total hip replacement. As the image shows, both the ball (the head and neck of the femur) and the socket (the acetabulum) are replaced. You will receive physical therapy in the hospital. Recent research suggests that patients can gain significant strength and improve balance skills with additional outpatient physical therapy.     Possible Treatments Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Hip Active Range of Motion  Video Hip Joint Mobilization  Video Hip Passive Range of Motion  Video Hip Resistive Range of Motion  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Improve Fitness Improve Function Optimize Joint Alignment Improve Muscle Strength and Power Improve Proprioception Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Improve Relaxation Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Improve Wound Healing Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the hip and pelvis Arthritis Foundation Arthritis, Exercise, and Manual Therapy Hip Info from Medline Plus Osteoarthritis of Guide Total Hip Replacement Support Group ## Insurance https://rehabsolutionspt.com/insurance/ Updated: 2024-08-13 Insurance If your plan is not listed, please contact us  We Accept Most Insurances ## Knee https://rehabsolutionspt.com/knee/ Updated: 2026-09-29 Knee Articles Quadriceps Muscle Strains Overview Treatment Goals Resources Quadriceps Muscle Strains This injury is commonly the result of quick sprints or quick stops while running. With a muscle strain, there is localized tenderness or a “bulge” in the tender area of the thigh. The pain is aggravated by lifting the thigh (a straight leg raise), ascending/descending stairs, or getting up from a seated position. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Heat Pack  Video Hip Active Range of Motion  Video Hip Joint Mobilization  Video Hip Passive Range of Motion  Video Hip Resistive Range of Motion  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the hip and pelvis Meniscal Tears Overview Treatment Goals Resources Meniscal Tears The menisci (plural for meniscus) are cartilage pads, which function to cushion the compressive loads in the knee. One or both of these pads can be torn which often occurs when the lower leg is forcefully bent and twisted. Signs and symptoms include joint line pain, locking and swelling of the knee. The tear often has a bucket handle or parrot beak shape. Treatment should consist of rest, ice, compression and elevation. Arthroscopic surgery is indicated for a large tear.    Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Isotonics  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Knee Active Range of Motion  Video Knee Joint Mobilization  Video Knee Passive Range of Motion  Video Knee Resistive Range of Motion  Video Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation  Video Plyometrics  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Walking Training (called Gait Training) Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Improve Wound Healing Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the Knee Knee Info from Medline Plus Meniscus Injuries Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Tear Overview Treatment Goals Resources Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Tear The cruciate (or crossing) ligament stabilizes the knee. The anterior cruciate (ACL) may completely break (rupture) when the knee is bent beyond its normal range of motion or with excessive twisting. Signs and symptoms include a ‘pop’ sensation with significant swelling and pain. There is a sense of instability or the knee giving away. Initial treatment includes rest, ice, elevation, and compression. Physical therapy consisting of progressive strengthening and functional exercise may facilitate recovery. If knee instability persists, surgery is indicated. The middle third of the patellar tendon, hamstrings, or cadaver ligament may be used to reconstruct the lost ligament. ACL tears are common in teenage female athletes. Some of the best clinical/sports medicine research to date, suggests that a preventive training program can significantly reduce the risk of ACL injuries in female adolescent athletes. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Knee Active Range of Motion  Video Knee Passive Range of Motion  Video Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Improve Wound Healing Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the Knee Knee Info from Medline Plus Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Tear Overview Treatment Goals Resources Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Tear The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is stronger and less commonly injured. Motor vehicle accident, when the knee(s) forcefully impact the car dashboard, is a common mechanism of injury. Initial treatment includes rest, ice, elevation, and compression. Physical therapy consisting of progressive strengthening and functional exercise may facilitate recovery. Surgery is not typically required. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Isometric Exercise  Video Knee Active Range of Motion  Video Knee Passive Range of Motion  Video Knee Resistive Range of Motion  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Improve Wound Healing Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the Knee Knee Info from Medline Plus Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Tear Overview Treatment Goals Resources Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Tear MCL tears are common injuries. A forceful stress on the outside of the knee can cause a stretching and injury of the MCL. Signs and symptoms include knee pain at the inner aspect and swelling. Medial meniscal tears and ACL injury may occur with severe trauma (commonly occurs during football and soccer). Initially, rest, ice, elevation and compression is necessary followed by bracing and rehabilitation. Severe tears may require surgery.    Possible Treatments Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Knee Active Range of Motion  Video Knee Joint Mobilization  Video Knee Passive Range of Motion  Video Knee Resistive Range of Motion  Video Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Improve Wound Healing Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the Knee Knee Info from Medline Plus Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) Tears Overview Treatment Goals Resources Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) Tears Lateral collateral ligament tears (LCL) are less common. Initially, rest, ice, elevation and compression is necessary followed by bracing and rehabilitation. Surgery is uncommon.     Possible Treatments Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Heat Pack  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Knee Active Range of Motion  Video Knee Joint Mobilization  Video Knee Passive Range of Motion  Video Knee Resistive Range of Motion  Video Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Improve Wound Healing   Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the Knee Knee Info from Medline Plus Anterior Knee Pain Overview Treatment Goals Resources Anterior Knee Pain The patello-femoral joint (the joint between the kneecap and the thigh bone-called the femur) is a problematic area for many. Excessive forces on the underside of the kneecap (causing painful stress on the cartilage on the underside of the kneecap), quadriceps tendinitis/tendinosis and patellar tendonitis/tendinosis are three common causes of pain in the front of the knee. Chondromalacia (softening of the cartilage) patella is also a common diagnosis for anterior knee pain. Overuse and poor hip strength are often associated with these conditions. These conditions can be managed with physical therapy, taping/bracing of the knee and hip, and with the appropriate eccentric and hip stabilization exercises per your therapist’s recommendations. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Knee Active Range of Motion  Video Knee Joint Mobilization  Video Knee Resistive Range of Motion  Video Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the Knee Knee Info from Medline Plus Kneecap Pain Patello-femoral Pain (Commonly Called Chondromalacia Patella) Overview Treatment Goals Resources Patello-femoral Pain (Commonly Called Chondromalacia Patella) Chondromalacia meaning softening of the patellar cartilage, is a common misdiagnosis. Softening of the cartilage can only be detected by directly visualizing the cartilage during surgery. The correct diagnosis for pain and swelling originating from under the kneecap is Patello-femoral Pain. Treatment includes pain relief with rest, ice, compression, and elevation. Swelling must be controlled. Anti-inflammatory medications, bracing, and physical therapy are often helpful. Progressive strengthening of the quadriceps is essential. Occasionally, foot orthoses may be helpful. Rarely, surgery is required to assist in realigning the kneecap by releasing the tight structures on the outside of the kneecap and reefing the inner structures. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Knee Active Range of Motion  Video Knee Joint Mobilization  Video Knee Passive Range of Motion  Video Knee Resistive Range of Motion  Video Plyometrics  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Optimize Joint Alignment Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the Knee Knee Info from Medline Plus Kneecap Pain Patellar Tendinitis (Jumper’s Knee) Overview Treatment Goals Resources Patellar Tendinitis (Jumper’s Knee) Jumping sports (such as basketball and volleyball) put a huge load on the kneecap and attached tendons. Signs and symptoms of patellar tendonitis include pain to touch directly on the patellar tendon and occasionally, swelling. Treatment includes activity modification, and physical therapy. Sinding-Larsen-Johansson is a specific disorder of the patellar tendon where it attaches to the base of the kneecap. In contrast, Osgood-Schlatter disease is a disorder of the tendon where it attaches at the tibial tuberosity of the leg. Both are common disorders in maturing teens. Treatment includes activity modification, physical therapy, and rarely surgical excision of the associated necrotic debris. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Iontophoresis Knee Active Range of Motion  Video Knee Joint Mobilization  Video Knee Passive Range of Motion  Video Knee Resistive Range of Motion  Video Plyometrics  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the Knee Knee Info from Medline Plus Kneecap Pain Knee Osteoarthritis Overview Treatment Goals Resources Knee Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis of the knee occurs when the cartilage coverings on the end of the femur and the top of the tibia wear out. The tibia has two special cartilage pads called menisci (one is called a meniscus). This cartilage becomes flattened, bone spurs form, the joint becomes inflamed, range of motion is lost, there is ensuing weakness, pain and difficulty with walking, climbing stairs, and getting in/out of chairs. Physical therapy can help with recovery of range of motion, strength, walking skills, and pain management. Aquatic therapy (often involving a customized exercise program) can be helpful. After total knee replacement (also called a total knee arthroplasty), physical therapy helps with recovery of range of motion, pain management, strength, balance and walking skills, and endurance. Commonly, patients say, “Why did I have this surgery? I am worse off now.” You must be patient. Give yourself at least 3 months to recover. For more info, see osteoarthritis. Possible Treatments Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Heat Pack  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Knee Active Range of Motion  Video Knee Joint Mobilization  Video Knee Passive Range of Motion  Video Knee Resistive Range of Motion  Video Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation  Video Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Improve Fitness Improve Function Optimize Joint Alignment Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Improve Relaxation Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Improve Wound Healing Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the Knee Arthritis Foundation Arthritis, Exercise, and Manual Therapy Baker’s Cyst Knee Info from Medline Plus Osteoarthritis of Guide Total Knee Replacement Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome (ITBS) Overview Treatment Goals Resources Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome (ITBS) The iliotibial band (ITB) is a long, flat and strong tendonous structure that originates from both the gluteus maximus and tensor facia lata (TFL) muscles at the hip and runs down the outside of the thigh. It inserts into the outer region of the shin bone just below the outside of the knee joint (formally called Gerdy’s tubercle of the lateral condyle of the tibia). Iliotibial band friction syndrome (also known as iliotibial band syndrome or ITBS) is the inflammation and painful irritation of the iliotibial band where it passes over the lateral epicondyle of the femur, an area just above the outside of the knee joint.     ITBS is typically the result of repetitive bending and straightening of the knee. It is commonly seen in long-distance runners that bend and straighten their knee hundreds to thousands of times during an endurance run. Cyclists may develop ITBS because of poor bike setup. ITBS has been reported in fast-growing teens as well. The cause of this painful syndrome is usually due to a combination of stresses on the ITB such as: abnormal hip, knee, and/or foot mechanics (e.g. excessive pronation) during running. repetitive overuse (for example rapid increases in the number of miles run. poor hip muscle strength and/or endurance. poor flexibility. worn out shoes. training on uneven surfaces. improper bike fit for cyclists. According to recent clinical research, hip weakness does not appear to be a cause of ITBS in runners, but more studies are necessary. Hip weakness is common though in teens. Conservative treatment is recommended. A physical therapist will evaluate walking and running patterns (gait), bike fit, flexibility, strength, knee and foot mechanics. Treatment usually consists of patient education, rest, stretching, strengthening, a possible change of running shoes, and ice for acute episodes of inflammation. Possible Treatments Active Assistive Range of Motion  Video Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Gait or Walking Training  Video Hip Resistive Range of Motion  Video Ice Massage  Video Knee Resistive Range of Motion  Video Plyometrics  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Function Optimize Joint Alignment Improve Muscle Strength and Power Improve Range of Motion Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the hip and pelvis IT Band Friction Syndrome Info Knee Replacement Overview About Total Knee Replacement Joint replacement is becoming more common, and hips and knees are the most commonly replaced joints. In 2006, 542,000 total knee replacements and 231,000 total hip replacements were performed. The new joint, called a prosthesis, can be made of plastic, metal, or both. It may be cemented into place or uncemented. An uncemented prosthesis is designed so that bones will grow into it.       First made available in the late 1950s, early total knee replacements did a poor job of mimicking the natural motion of the knee. For that reason, these procedures resulted in high failure and complication rates. Advances in total knee replacement technology in the past 10 to 15 years have enhanced the design and fit of knee implants. Total knee replacement is often the answer for people when x-rays and other tests show joint damage; when moderate-to-severe, persistent pain does not improve adequately with nonsurgical treatment; and when the limited range of motion in their knee joint diminishes their quality of life. In the past, patients between 60 and 75 years of age were considered to be the best candidates for total knee replacement. Over the past two decades, however, that age range has broadened to include more patients older than 75, who are likely to have other health issues, and patients younger than 60, who are generally more physically active and whose implants will probably be exposed to greater mechanical stress. About 90 percent of patients appear to experience rapid and substantial reduction in pain, feel better in general, and enjoy improved joint function. Although most total knee replacement surgeries are successful, failure does occur and revision is sometimes necessary. Risk factors include being younger than 55 years old, being male, being obese, and having osteoarthritis, infection, or other illnesses.   Physical Therapy Pre and Post Surgery There are a number of reasons why you should see a physical therapist before you consider a knee replacement and after surgery as well. Physical therapy is proven to be a successful treatment for arthritis; therefore, a physical therapist directed program could help you delay or avoid knee replacement. Seeing a physical therapist before surgery and going through a “prehab” program (a set of rehabilitative exercises before surgery) is proven to increase strength and speed the post-surgical recovery process. Post-surgical physical therapy for knee replacement patients is a must. While most knee replacement patients experience a significant reduction in pain, almost all knee replacement patients suffer from considerable muscle weakness, loss of range of motion, and limited function. Seeing a physical therapist after surgery can greatly improve your strength, mobility and function. Give us a call to learn more about how we can help you. ## Knee Pain Rehab https://rehabsolutionspt.com/knee-pain-rehab/ Updated: 2026-09-29 KNEE PAIN REHAB Physical therapists (PTs) are experts in the art and science of the evaluation and treatment of human movement dysfunctions. We care for people of all ages and treat a variety of muscle, joint and neurological conditions. Conditions we have successfully treated: Arthritis Chondromalacia Patellofemoral Pain Ligament Sprains Tendonitis/Bursitis Tendon/Muscle Strains IT Band Syndrome Post Surgical Conditions What are my treatment options? Drugs Corticosteroid Injections Epidural Injections Physical Therapy* Advantages of Physical Therapy: No side effects. Cost-effective. Supported by clinical research*. Customized to treat the underlying cause. Your Recovery Process: Pain Relief Recovery of Knee Motion Recovery of Strength Functional/Sports Retraining Independent Home/Health Club Program Components of Your Care: A thorough biomechanical evaluation. Extensive patient education. A customized treatment plan. Gentle hands-on techniques to relax the muscles. Effective joint mobilization techniques to decrease stiffness. Pain relieving modalities such as ice, heat, ultrasound or electrical stimulation. Targeted stretching for tight muscles. Progressive strength training. Balance and muscular re-education. Everyone is different. You may require one or two visits, or an extended care plan over several weeks or months. If you’re ready for relief, and tired of “masking” your pain, treat the cause, not just the symptoms! * Cited from the academic journal, Clinical Biomechanics, Aug. 2006. KNEE PAIN REHAB ## Leg https://rehabsolutionspt.com/leg/ Updated: 2026-09-29 Leg Articles Fractures (Broken Bones) Overview Treatment Goals Fractures (Broken Bones) Fractures may involve the outside or inside of the leg. The signs and symptoms of fractures are pain, swelling and bony deformities. X-rays are essential and rapid “reduction” (setting the bones close together for healing) is necessary. In extreme cases, open surgery is necessary to reduce the fracture. Often pins, plates and screws are used to maintain the reduction.   Possible Treatments Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Physical Agents Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Decrease Postoperative Complications Improve Range of Motion Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Wound Healing Stress Fractures Overview Treatment Goals Resources Stress Fractures These fractures result from repetitive submaximal loads applied to the foot, ankle, leg; they are usually the result of overuse (in athletes, over-training). They are common in long distance runners and female athletes. Common stress fracture sites include the lower leg (in runners), calcaneus, talus, metatarsals in distance runners, and the big toe. Pain and point tenderness, often relieved by rest, is typical. X-rays do not always show the fracture. Bone scans and MRI may be useful. Most heal with rest, immobilization and cross training. Avoid high-impact workouts, and wear good shoes. Possible Treatments Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Physical Agents Possible Treatment Goals Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources Ankle/Foot from Medline Plus Hand Fractures Gastrocnemius/Calf Muscle Strain Overview Treatment Goals Resources Gastrocnemius/Calf Muscle Strain This injury is commonly the result of quick sprints while running. With a muscle strain, there is localized tenderness or a “bulge” more commonly at the inner region of the back of the leg. The pain is aggravated by walking, descending stairs, or raising the heel of the affected leg off the ground. Possible Treatments Ankle Active Range of Motion  Video Ankle Joint Mobilization  Video Ankle Joint Passive Range of Motion  Video Ankle Progressive Resistive Range of Motion  Video Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Gait or Walking Training  Video Isotonics  Video Ice Massage  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Stationary Cycling  Video Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Ultrasound  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Balance Improve ability to bear weight/stand on the leg(s) Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the calf and foot Leg Injuries from Medline Plus ## Links https://rehabsolutionspt.com/links/ Updated: 2024-08-13 Links Here are some helpful links: American Physical Therapy Association American College of Sports Medicine American Medical Association National Institute on Aging Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services WebMD American Senior Fitness Association MEDLINEplus ## Locations https://rehabsolutionspt.com/locations/ Updated: 2026-09-29 Our Locations: Click the Marker on the map to view details ## LOWER BACK PAIN REHAB https://rehabsolutionspt.com/lower-back-pain-rehab/ Updated: 2026-09-29 LOWER BACK PAIN REHAB A Reputation for Results If you have low back pain, Rehab Solutions strongly encourages you to seek the care of our qualified therapists. Physical therapy helps patients avoid prolonged episodes of pain that can result in long-term disability. For those experiencing chronic pain, it should be part of a multi-faceted rehabilitation program. The fact is, physical therapy is conservative, cost-effective, reversible, and rarely has any side effects. We Address the Cause Millions of people suffer from low back pain that may result in a variety of problems such as limited recreational activities, troubles with daily activities, and even complete immobility. Early intervention is critical to help reduce pain and recover function. A combination of patient education, manual techniques, and therapeutic exercise is proven to reduce pain and help a patient recover their independence. Conservative, Cost-Effective, No Side Effects Drugs offer short-term relief but may have severe side effects. Spinal adjustments may be helpful, but this type of intervention is usually recommended for months-on-end with little proof of its effectiveness. In contrast, a comprehensive physical therapy program will not only provide you with pain relief, but will help you avoid repeat and often progressively worse episodes of pain. Once the pain subsides, we empower patients with the tools they need to help avoid repeat problems. Conditions we commonly treat: Lumbar Sprain/Strain Acute Low Back Pain Sciatica Lumbago Pinched Nerve SI Dysfunction Slipped/Herniated Disc Arthritis Spondylosis Spondylolysis Spondylolisthesis Facet Arthropathy Degenerative Disc Disease ## Manual Therapy https://rehabsolutionspt.com/manual-therapy/ Updated: 2026-09-29 MANUAL THERAPY Manual therapy is a hands-on treatment by clinicians to treat muscle aches, joint pain, and limited range of motion. It encompasses a variety of techniques including soft tissue mobilization of muscles, specific joint mobilization, and joint manipulation. The three most notable forms of manual therapy are: Manipulation is the application of a rapid force into a joint(s). Manipulation is often associated with an audible popping sound called cavitation. Mobilization is a slower, more controlled process of articular and soft-tissue stretching intended to improve joint mobility. Massage is typically the repetitive rubbing, stripping or kneading of muscle and fascia tissues to facilitate healing. Manual therapy has been proven to be an important part of an overall conservative treatment plan for a variety of conditions including: Adhesive capsulitis Shoulder impingement Shoulder stiffness/limited range of motion Tennis elbow Golfers elbow Pinched nerves Limited joint range of motion Capsule tightness Postsurgical stiffness Much more. Manual therapy is typically part of a complete treatment plan that is customized for your specific needs. Give us a call to learn how we can incorporate manual therapy into your rehabilitation program. ## Medical Library https://rehabsolutionspt.com/medical-library/ Updated: 2024-08-13 Medical Library Pick A Body Area Neck Shoulder Elbow Hip Knee Foot & Ankle Leg Back Wrist & Hand Other Options Systemic Treatements Exercises For Physicians Newsletters DISCLAIMER:The information in the articles, posts, and newsfeed is intended for informational and educational purposes only and in no way should be taken to be the provision or practice of physical therapy, medical, or professional healthcare advice or services. The information should not be considered complete or exhaustive and should not be used for diagnostic or treatment purposes without first consulting with your physical therapist, occupational therapist, physician or other healthcare provider. The owners of this website accept no responsibility for the misuse of information contained within this website. ## Neck https://rehabsolutionspt.com/neck/ Updated: 2026-09-29 Neck/Head Articles Neck Pain Overview Treatment Goals Resources Neck Pain Neck pain can be so mild that it is merely annoying and distracting. Or it can be so severe that it is unbearable and incapacitating. Most instances of neck pain are minor and commonly caused by something you did. That is, if you keep your head in an awkward position for too long the joints in your neck can “lock” and the neck muscles can become painfully fatigued. Poor postures while working, watching TV, using a computer, reading a book, or talking on the phone with the receiver held against your shoulder and under your chin can be responsible for neck pain.   Neck pain that persists for many days or keeps coming back may be a sign that something is wrong. Disease, an injury (such as whiplash in an auto accident), a congenital malformation, or age-related changes may be responsible for more significant pain. A trained medical professional must determine the underlying causes of such neck pain. Examination and diagnosis by a medical doctor and treatment by a physical therapist may quickly relieve your pain or help you deal with it on a long-term basis. Who suffers from neck pain? Almost everyone experiences some sort of neck pain or stiffness at one time or another during their life. Because you walk upright and your head is “balanced” on top of your spine like a golf ball on a tee. The head weighs between 10 and 15 pounds. If the muscles that support your head and neck are not kept flexible and strong, poor and prolonged postures can put too much stress on the head and neck muscles and joints. This can lead to strains of the muscles and sprains of the ligaments that support your head and neck. As we age, our joints wear out (this is called osteoarthritis) and the discs in the spine dry up and flatten (this loosely describes Degenerative Disc Disease). You may experience pain that radiates into the top of the shoulders or in between your shoulder blades. Occasionally, a pinched nerve (called radiculopathy) occurs and you may feel tingling, pain, and/or numbness radiating into the arm, forearm, hand, and fingers. As always, with persistent pain you should be evaluated by a medical doctor and seek treatment from a trained physical therapist. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Heat Pack  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Neck Active Range of Motion  Video Neck Joint Mobilization  Video Neck Passive Range of Motion  Video Neck Resistive Range of Motion  Video Neck Traction  Video Posture Training  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Fitness Improve Function Optimize Joint Alignment Improve Muscle Strength and Power Decrease Nerve Compression Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Improve Relaxation Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the head and neck Neck Pinched Nerve Information from the APTA Neck Pain Info from the Mayo Clinic Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD) Overview Treatment Goals Resources Whiplash Associated Disorder Whiplash or Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD) – a “whiplash” is the term that describes the sudden forward and backward movement of the head and neck most commonly occurring during a motor vehicle accident. It can also occur during a variety of other activities such as recreational and competitive sports. Note that a whiplash could also occur with a rapid side-to-side movement as well. WADs are estimated to cost consumers and the insurance industry billions of dollars each year. With a WAD there can be soft tissue injury, bone fracture, and nerve damage. Because of the considerable number of structures (bone, spinal cord, brain, ligament, intervertebral disc, muscle, joint capsule, and tendon) involved, recover can take months or years. However, most cases of whiplash resolve in a couple months or less. A classification of WAD was offered by the Quebec Task Force (a group that did extensive study on Whiplash): 0 – No complaints about the neck, no physical signs. 1 – Neck complaints of pain, stiffness, or tenderness only No physical signs. 2 – Neck complaint AND Musculoskeletal signs (decreased range of motion and point tenderness). 3 – Neck complaint AND neurological signs (decreased or absent deep tendon reflexes, weakness, and sensory deficits). 4 – Neck complaints AND fracture or dislocation. X-rays and other diagnostics may be performed by your physician to rule out fractures. Physical therapy can be very helpful with the recovery of range of motion, strength, endurance, and the management of pain. Soft collars are of little benefit but rigid collars may be helpful in the acute stages of recovery. Possible Treatments Aerobic/Endurance Exercise  Video Core Strengthening  Video Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Heat Pack  Video Isometric Exercise  Video Neck Active Range of Motion  Video Neck Joint Mobilization  Video Neck Passive Range of Motion  Video Neck Resistive Range of Motion  Video Neck Traction  Video Posture Training  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Improve Fitness Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Increase Oxygen to Tissues Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Improve Relaxation Self-care of Symptoms Improve Safety Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the head and neck TMD (aka TMJ) Overview Treatment Goals Resources Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) Temporomandibular disorder (TMD), is a term that describes an entire group of disorders involving the temporomandibular joint or joints (TMJ). The TMJs are the jaw joints. There is one on each side of your head just in front of your ear canals. Like many other joints in the body, they consist of: muscles that control joint movement, ligaments that hold the bones together, cartilage that provides a smooth surface for the bones to move on, a disc that helps with proper movement, of the bones, elastic tissue that helps hold the disc in place. One or more of the above tissues can cause symptoms. In fact, studies suggest that one third of the population at any one time experiences TMJ symptoms such as pain with chewing, yawning, or jaw opening. Women seem to have TMJ problems much more often than men and it is estimated that 3-6% of the population might benefit from treatment. There are a variety of temporomandibular disorders. The muscles (myogenous), joint(s) (arthrogenous), or a combination of the two may cause pain. Since physical therapists treat muscle and joint problems, they are ideally suited to address a TMD. Moreover, a majority of patients diagnosed with TMD, also have associated neck pain. Both respond well to treatment provided by a physical therapist. No other healthcare practitioner is better suited to address both the TMD and neck pain. TMD may appear to be a complex condition and it shouldn’t be. This website and your physical therapist can help to insure the following: You are properly educated, that your treatment is conservative, cost-effective, and reversible, goals are realistic, your examination is brief and meant to identify your source(s) of pain. When a physical therapist performs the examination, they will be able to classify you as having one or more of the following: An inflammatory condition Limited jaw range of motion Excessive jaw range of motion Arthrogenous Disc Displacement Jaw muscle pain Neck pain causing related headaches (sometimes mistaken as TMD) Once the involved structures are identified, the therapist will be able to provide you with the appropriate treatment. Possible Treatments Cryotherapy or Cold Therapy  Video Electrotherapeutic Modalities Heat Pack  Video Iontophoresis Neck Traction  Video Posture Training  Video Proprioception Exercises  Video Physical Agents Soft Tissue Mobilization  Video Stretching/Flexibility Exercise  Video Possible Treatment Goals Decrease Risk of Reoccurrence Improve Function Improve Muscle Strength and Power Improve Proprioception Improve Range of Motion Improve Relaxation Self-care of Symptoms Improve Tolerance for Prolonged Activities Additional Resources 3d Anatomy of the head and neck Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo Overview Epley Maneuver is Helpful for Vertigo Vertigo, in particular “benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)”, is a common disorder in which the patient complains of spinning and dizziness with rapid changes in head positions. BPPV is typically idiopathic (of unknown cause) in nature. Other reported causes are head trauma, vestibular neuritis (inflamed vestibulo-cochlear nerve), vertebrobasilar ischemia (inadequate blood flow to the brain), and inner ear infection. It is hypothesized that small particles, (called otoconia) in the semi-circular canals, over-stimulate the sense organs (hair cells and cupula). This results in patient complaints of dizziness and the observation of nystagmus in the direction of head rotation. The dizziness may last anywhere from a few seconds to a minute and there may be associated nausea. Brandt-Daroff and canalith repositioning movements (Epley Maneuver) are the most common therapeutic interventions. The goal of these treatments is to move the small particles within the semicircular canal to the utricle where they no longer are able to stimulate the sense organs within the canal. Hi-quality research studies show significant numbers of patients that experience a resolution of symptoms and negative diagnostic tests for BPPV after treatment intervention as compared to the control groups. While BPPV is a common diagnosis for those suffering from dizziness, there are other causes of vertigo (both central and peripheral). It is important to consult your doctor and physical therapist regarding proper diagnosis and treatment of vertigo. More on Vertigo at the Mayo Clinic ## Neck Pain Rehab https://rehabsolutionspt.com/neck-pain-rehab/ Updated: 2026-09-29 NECK PAIN REHAB A Reputation for Quality Our therapists at Rehab Solutions are highly trained to provide quality care for head and neck pain. A thorough initial evaluation helps us identify movement dysfunction that can be addressed with patient education, manual techniques, therapeutic exercise, and modalities. Regular reassessment provides reassurance that we are always working to achieve patient goals in a cost-effective manner. Priority One – Pain Relief Severe head & neck pain can be disabling. For this reason, our first priority is pain relief. Treating the underlying causes of identifiable movement dysfunction is the next step toward achieving long-term relief and recovery. A Hands-on Approach Hands-on techniques, in most cases, are an essential part of a successful head and neck pain treatment program. Our therapists are equipped with cutting-edge manual skills to assist with the recovery of range of motion, reestablish correct movement patterns, and alleviate muscle related pain and tightness. Coupled with patient education and therapeutic exercise, the results can be dramatic and long lasting. Evidence is Our Guide Medical research is continuously providing the clinicians at Rehab Solutions with “current best-evidence” guidance so we are equipped to provide the state-of-the -art care to our community members. We look to systematic reviews and random controlled trials to help guide us in the delivery of state-of-the-art care. Coupled with regular attendance to continuing education courses, Rehab Solutions has a reputation for providing a high quality service to those in need of head and neck pain rehabilitation. ## News https://rehabsolutionspt.com/news/ Updated: 2024-08-13 News Discover the Benefits of Manual Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis AUGUST 21, 2024 Knee osteoarthritis is an issue that many people are familiar with. For some, it’s the reason they can’t keep up with the running regimen they’ve worked so hard to establish, while it may prevent others from simply going for a walk with friend… Read More How Therapy and Exercise Can Address Shoulder Impingement Syndrome AUGUST 14, 2024 Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) is a common cause of shoulder pain that affects many individuals, especially those engaged in repetitive overhead activities. If you happen to be an athlete or someone who frequently works with their arms raised, it’s i… Read More Effective Physical Therapy Strategies for Low Back Pain Relief AUGUST 7, 2024 Low back pain is a widespread issue that affects people of all ages, but it is most common in adults between the ages of 30 and 60 years. In some individuals, the pain may become severe enough to limit daily activities and impair quality of life. Fortunat… Read More Understanding Calf Muscle Injuries and Rehabilitation JULY 24, 2024 Calf muscle injuries are a common issue among athletes, often leading to significant downtime. This article explores the anatomy of calf muscles, the nature of connective tissue injuries, and the importance of MRI in diagnosing these injuries. We’ll a… Read More Manual Therapy vs. Oral Pain Medications for Neck Pain JULY 17, 2024 Neck pain is a prevalent condition that significantly impacts quality of life. Manual therapy (MT) and oral pain medications are common treatments. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis explored the effectiveness and safety of these interventions, … Read More Nutrition and Healing: Boosting Recovery from Muscle and Joint Pain JULY 10, 2024 Injuries are an unfortunate reality for athletes, whether they occur during intense training or elite competitions. Recovering from these injuries involves not just rest and physical therapy but also a strategic nutritional approach. Understanding the rig … Read More Exergames: Enhancing Health and Well-being for Seniors JULY 3, 2024 Exergames, a fusion of “exercise” and “games,” are interactive video games that require physical activity to play. These games have been gaining popularity for their ability to combine fun and fitness, making them a valuable tool for promoting physical ac… Read More When Do the Risks of Total Knee Replacement Outweigh the Benefits? JUNE 26, 2024 Total Knee Replacement, also known as knee replacement surgery, is a highly effective procedure that offers significant pain relief and improved function for individuals with severe knee osteoarthritis. This surgery has transformed the lives of many, allo… Read More The Importance of Sleep for Overall Health: A Comprehensive Guide JUNE 19, 2024 In today’s fast-paced world, sleep often takes a backseat to other priorities. However, sufficient sleep is as vital to health as good nutrition and physical activity.… Read More Returning to Golf After Hip Arthroscopy: What You Need to Know JUNE 12, 2024 Hip arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat various hip conditions, including femoral acetabular impingement (FAI). If you love golfing and are considering hip arthroscopy, you might be concerned about how long it… Read More 2024 Guide to Osteoporosis: Prevention and Management JUNE 5, 2024 Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them more susceptible to fractures. Over 12 million live with osteoporosis, which significantly impacts their quality of life. This article simplifies the 2023 clinical practice guidelines … Read More The Silent Strain: Understanding Stress Fractures in the Foot MAY 29, 2024 Stress fractures in the foot are a common yet often overlooked injury that can significantly impact your daily activities and sports performance. These injuries occur due to repeated stress on the foot bones, particularly when such activities increase sud… Read More Easing Back Pain Through Physical Activity: A Simple Guide MAY 22, 2024 Back pain is a common ailment affecting many people, contributing significantly to disability worldwide. However, recent studies reveal that engaging in physical activities might just be the remedy many need to keep back pain at bay.… Read More Finding the Right Balance: Combining Cardio and Weight Training MAY 15, 2024 Exercise is not just about losing weight; it’s about improving your overall health and reducing your risk for diseases, especially cardiovascular disease (CVD). With different types of exercises available, such as resistance training and aerobic exercises… Read More Effective Recovery After Shoulder Dislocation: What You Need to Know MAY 8, 2024 Shoulder dislocations can be painful and debilitating. Understanding the best methods for rehabilitation and recovery is crucial for anyone who has experienced this common injury. A recent study of patients with an average of 45 years of age, provides new… Read More Understanding Knee Osteoarthritis Risk in Soccer Players MAY 1, 2024 Soccer is a popular sport played by millions worldwide, offering numerous health benefits and an opportunity for team spirit. However, it also poses some risks, particularly concerning knee health. One common concern is whether playing soccer increases th… Read More Understanding Kyphosis: Causes, Effects, and Therapeutic Interventions APRIL 24, 2024 Kyphosis, commonly referred to as hyper-kyphosis, is a spinal curvature that results in an exaggerated forward rounding of the back. This condition can affect individuals of all ages, leading to a range of physical and psychological challenges. In this ar… Read More Peripheral Neuropathy in the Feet and Balance APRIL 17, 2024 Peripheral neuropathy, a condition stemming from damage to the peripheral nerves, often manifests in the feet, leading to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, and pain. This condition does not only cause discomfort but also significantly affects one’s bal… Read More A Guide to Understanding Neck Pain and Whiplash APRIL 10, 2024 Neck pain and whiplash are common issues that can impact your daily life significantly. This guide aims to deepen your understanding of these conditions, from their causes to effective treatments and preventive measures.… Read More Navigating Posterior Tibialis Tendinitis Together APRIL 3, 2024 Posterior tibialis tendinitis is a condition that affects a lot of people, especially those who are active or on their feet a lot. Imagine the inside of your ankle and there’s a muscle running down there – that’s your posterior tibialis muscle. It plays a… Read More How Assistive Devices Can Transform Lives MARCH 27, 2024 Have you ever felt like your mobility challenges are holding you back from enjoying life to its fullest? Maybe you’ve thought about using a cane, crutches, or a front-wheel walker, but you’re not quite convinced they’re right for you. It’s understandable … Read More Meditation: A Powerful Ally in Managing Pain MARCH 20, 2024 Pain, especially chronic pain, affects millions of people worldwide, significantly impacting their quality of life. Traditional medical treatments often focus on medication and physical interventions. However, an increasing body of research highlights the… Read More Different Strategies for Peak Performance and Injury Prevention MARCH 13, 2024 As physical therapists, we often help patients transition from a sports injury back to competitive participation. We’re often asked about warming up to prevent injuries. Traditionally, dynamic warm-ups, as the latest research suggests, significantly enhan… Read More Radiating Headaches From The Neck: How Physical Therapy Can Help MARCH 6, 2024 Headaches can be more than just a nuisance; for many, they are a debilitating part of daily life. However, there’s good news for those suffering from cervicogenic headaches, a type of headache originating from the neck. Recent studies have shown that phys… Read More DISCLAIMER:The information in the articles, posts, and newsfeed is intended for informational and educational purposes only and in no way should be taken to be the provision or practice of physical therapy, medical, or professional healthcare advice or services. The information should not be considered complete or exhaustive and should not be used for diagnostic or treatment purposes without first consulting with your physical therapist, occupational therapist, physician or other healthcare provider. The owners of this website accept no responsibility for the misuse of information contained within this website. ## Newsletters https://rehabsolutionspt.com/newsletters/ Updated: 2026-09-29 Newsletters Video Archive May 2024 > Time To Move For Your Health! April 2024 > Fast Facts About Knee Pain You Need To Know March 2024 > Fast Facts About Your Shoulder February 2024 > Your Heart-Ignoring This Could Have Dire Consequences January 2024 > Back Pain – Must Know Facts Before Treatment December 2023 > What’s The Best New Fitness Habit For 2024? November 2023 > Need some quick relief for a tension headache? October 2023 > 3 Special Foam Roll Exercises for the Middle Back September 2023 > 4 Exercises for Better Balance August 2023 > 3 Uncommon Exercises that Will Improve Your Health July 2023 > How to Keep the Lower Back Limber May 2023 > 4 Uncommon Foot Exercises to Maintain Mobility April 2023 > 3 Great Exercises for Strong Shoulders March 2023 > 3 Key Knee Exercises that will Take You to the Next Level February 2023 > Neck Stiffness? Try These January 2023 > Happy New Year – 3 Excellent Hip Exercises December 2022 > A Proven Solution to Better Health – Just Two Things November 2022 > Special Issue – Did Google Give You a Wrong Diagnosis? October 2022 > Special Issue – Headache remedies you probably don’t know about September 2022 > Special Issue – The most important message we have for you August 2022 > Radiating Neck Pain – What You Need to Know July 2022 > Avoiding a Very Common Injury June 2022 > Tips to Avoid Summer Shoulder Pain May 2022 > Important Tip: Maintaining Middle Back Mobility & More April 2022 > 4 Simple Ways to End Back Stiffness March 2022 > Hip Pain, Prevention, & Natural Care February 2022 > The Olympics, Knees, & You January 2022 > There’s No Need to Suffer with Foot/Ankle Pain ## Patient Center https://rehabsolutionspt.com/patient-center/ Updated: 2026-09-29 PATIENT CENTER 1st Visit Video This video outlines what to expect before and during your first visit with us. Medical Library Get information on the conditions we treat and how we treat them. Patient Forms Save time on your first visit by downloading and completing the patient forms before you go in for your appointment. Insurance Get information on the insurance carriers with which we work. Patient Forms Save time on your first visit by downloading and completing the patient forms before you go in for your appointment. Insurance Get information on the insurance carriers with which we work. Reviews Read the nice things people have to say about us. Links Outside resources with information on physical therapy and other health related topics. News Get the latest physical therapy news. Reviews Read the nice things people have to say about us. Links Outside resources with information on physical therapy and other health related topics. FAQ Answers to commonly asked questions on what to expect when you come in for your first visit. News Get the latest physical therapy news.